As the lead investigator on Operation Stop Hack, I have been subpoenaed to serve as an expert witness in the case against the perpetrators. In order to adequately communicate the complexities of this crime and evidence to the jury so they can understand them – it is important for me to discuss overall procedures that were followed during first response and incident handling stages.
Specifically – initially responders must gather as much information about incident possible before beginning their investigation (National Institute Of Standards & Technology [NIST], 2012). This includes understanding what type of system was affected, who accessed it , when attack occurred ,etc. Additionally– once enough data has been acquired then experts should attempt contain damage by taking steps like disconnecting compromised machines from network or isolating backups while also working towards restoring normal operations (NIST, 2012).
Moreover– its important note that identifying source intrusions is not always easy since attackers may cover tracks or use techniques meant deception thus additional advanced analytical methods may be required bring offenders justice which generally include things like forensic analysis or digital investigations (Gillespie et al., 2014) . Fortunately though- organizations such NIST have developed guidelines these processes too so any organization facing cyber-attack can reference those materials ensure their internal policies adhere those standards.
In summary then – responding to incidents involves several different steps which are outlined in detail by sources such NIST’s publication 800 series. These measures range from collecting initial data all the way through attempting to identify unknown threats using scientific methodologies, thus allowing investigators to uncover any wrongdoing perpetrated against victims.
Vittola examines one of the worthy motivations of war, above all, is when mischief is caused however he causes notice the damage doesn’t prompt conflict, it relies upon the degree or proportionality, one more condition to jus promotion bellum (Begby et al (2006b), Page 314). Frowe, notwithstanding, contends the possibility of “worthwhile motivation” in light of “Power” which alludes to the security of political and regional freedoms, alongside common liberties. In contemporary view, this view is more muddled to reply, given the ascent of globalization. Likewise, it is challenging to quantify proportionality, especially in war, in light of the fact that not just that there is an epistemic issue in working out, however again the present world has created (Frowe (2011), Page 54-6). Besides, Vittola contends war is essential, not just for protective purposes, ‘since it is legitimate to oppose force with force,’ yet additionally to battle against the unfair, a hostile conflict, countries which are not rebuffed for acting unreasonably towards its own kin or have treacherously taken land from the home country (Begby et al (2006b), Page 310&313); to “show its foes a thing or two,” however principally to accomplish the point of war. This approves Aristotle’s contention: ‘there should be battle for harmony (Aristotle (1996), Page 187). Nonetheless, Frowe contends “self-protection” has a majority of depictions, found in Part 1, demonstrating the way that self-preservation can’t necessarily in every case legitimize one’s activities. Significantly more dangerous, is the situation of self-preservation in war, where two clashing perspectives are laid out: The Collectivists, a totally different hypothesis and the Individualists, the continuation of the homegrown hypothesis of self-protection (Frowe (2011), Page 9& 29-34). All the more significantly, Frowe disproves Vittola’s view on retaliation in light of the fact that first and foremost it engages the punisher’s power, yet in addition the present world forestalls this activity between nations through legitimate bodies like the UN, since we have modernized into a generally tranquil society (Frowe (2011), Page 80-1). Above all, Frowe further discredits Vittola through his case that ‘right expectation can’t be blamed so as to take up arms in light of expected wrong,’ proposing we can’t simply hurt another in light of the fact that they have accomplished something vile. Different elements should be thought of, for instance, Proportionality. Thirdly, Vittola contends that war ought to be kept away from (Begby et al (2006b), Page 332) and that we ought to continue conditions carefully. This is upheld by the “final hotel” position in Frowe, where war ought not be allowed except if all actions to look for strategy falls flat (Frowe (2011), Page 62). This implies war ought not be proclaimed until one party must choose the option to announce battle, to safeguard its domain and privileges, the point of war. Notwithstanding, we can likewise contend that the conflict can never be the final hotel, considering there is dependably a method for attempting to keep away from it, similar to authorizations or settlement, showing Vittola’s hypothesis is defective. Fourthly, Vittola inquiries upon whose authority can request a formal statement of war, where he infers any province can do battle, yet more significantly, “the ruler” where he has “the regular request” as indicated by Augustine, and all authority is given to him. This is additionally upheld by Aristotle’s Legislative issues ((1996), Page 28): ‘a ruler is the normal predominant of his subjects.’ Be that as it may, he truly does later stress to place all confidence in the sovereign is off-base and has outcomes; a careful assessment of the reason for war is expected alongside the readiness to arrange rival party (Begby et al (2006b), Page 312& 318). This is upheld by the activities of Hitler are considered unjustifiably. Additionally, in this day and age, wars are not generally battled simply by states yet in addition non-state entertainers like Al-Queda and ISIS, showing Vittola’s regulating guarantee on power is obsolete. This is additionally upheld by Frowe’s case that the pioneer needs to address individuals’ inclinations, under legitimat
