Feedback, reinforcement, and intrinsic motivation

 

What are the 2 principles of reinforcement and why are they complex?
How does positive & negative feedback influence behavior?
How can feedback benefit participants (motivational & instructional)?
Describe 3 potential negative side effects of using punishment
Understand how to implement behavior modification programs (types of reinforcers; continuous
vs. intermittent reinforcement schedules)
What are 4 important guidelines for an effective behavior modification program? (there
are more than 4)
What are the three basic psychological needs according to self-determination theory?
For an individual who is intrinsically motivated, will the introduction of extrinsic rewards
increase motivation? Explain your answer.
Discuss Cognitive evaluation theory. Describe the relationship between intrinsic motivation and
external rewards (controlling and informational aspects of a reward).
Discuss the results of Ryan’s (1977 & 1980) studies on scholarships and intrinsic motivation.
What are the implications of the findings? How did Horn and Amorose (2000) extend these
studies?
What did McKenzie and Rushall (1974) find in their study using a behavior modification
program with a swimming team?
How can you increase intrinsic motivation?
What is the flow state and how can people achieve it? What are some barriers that inhibit flow?
Discuss the difference between harmonious passion and obsessive passion.

 

 

Sample Solution

Feedback, reinforcement, and intrinsic motivation

Reinforcement comes from behaviorism, a branch of psychology that studies how animals and human beings respond to different reinforcers from their environment. In behavioral analysis, behavior occurs to gain access to four main principles of reinforcement. The first main principle is access to attention or social reinforcement. Social reinforcement can be classified as attention, physical proximity, physical contact, and praise (Cooper, Heron & Heward, 2007). This type of reinforcement can be a very powerful tool for changing or maintaining behavior. The second principle of reinforcement is escape. Often referred to as escape from tasks or demands, a person seeks this form of reinforcement to get out of an event that is aversive to them.

Reasons for Lower Back Pain GuidesorSubmit my paper for examination circumstances and logical results article sampleTechnological progress has made various activities individuals perform consistently a lot more straightforward. Contrasted with the expectations for everyday comforts of a few centuries prior, physical security is nearly guaranteed these days. This, just as different elements, has caused noteworthy changes in ways of life, in particular diminished physical action. New working and living conditions have likewise caused a measure of far reaching medical issues which, in all likelihood, were new to past ages. One of such issues is steady lower back torment. One of the common reasons why individuals have torment in their lower back is root nerve torment. It is normally brought about by the nerve root being disturbed or precisely went ahead (Patient.co.uk). This occurs, for instance, on account of a purported prolapsed spine circle, when the delicate inward piece of a spinal plate swells off the outer part, which is more diligently, and pushes on the nerve. In its turn, this condition can be brought about by various components, for example, serious physical exertion, more than once being in an off-base body position, having an inactive way of life, etc. lumbar strainAnother explanation behind lower back torment is what is normally called lumbar strain. Essentially, this term implies lower back muscles, ligaments, or tendons have experienced an extending injury, causing minuscule tears in these tissues (MedicineNet.com). This illness can happen to individuals of all ages, and shows itself as agony went from gentle to extreme. Regularly, lumbar strain happens to individuals who fell, got hit, or experienced other damaging expressions of love on the lower back zone. Maybe the most widely recognized and, so to state, common motivation behind why individuals get torment in the lower back is degenerative procedures. The spine (of which the lower back area consistently experiences the most exceptional burdens, such as supporting body weight, lifting masses, etc) comprises of around 30 vertebrae, bones, and a light issue called “spine plates.” As an individual gets more seasoned, and considering the steady loads on the lower back, this elastic issue between vertebrae wears off and turns out to be all the more solid (WebMD). This makes the circles become progressively powerless against injuries. Moreover, such ailments as osteochondrosis and scoliosis likewise cause gentle and extreme agony in various areas of the spine, including the lower back. Considering the previously mentioned reasons, it is clear lower back torment is regularly identified with the kind of physical burdens the spine gets continually. The three main considerations causing lower back issues are associated with mechanical impacts and degenerative procedures, so it is critical for any person to watch out for what activities the individual in question does and how the individual finishes activities to abstain from damaging the spine or spinal circles. References “Vague Lower Back Pain in Adults.” Patient.co.uk. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Nov. 2014. “Low Back Pain (Lumbar Back Pain).” MedicineNet. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Nov. 2014. “Low Back Pain (Lumbar Back Pain).” MedicineNet. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Nov. 2014. conversation paper, exposition typ

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