An organization might consider using a matrix structure when it wants to:

• Encourage collaboration between different departments on large projects. In a matrix structure, employees report to two or more managers, one from their functional department and one from the project team they are working on. This can help to break down silos and encourage employees to share ideas and expertise.
• Improve communication and coordination across the organization. The matrix structure can help to improve communication and coordination across the organization by creating a more horizontal structure. This can be beneficial for organizations that are large and complex, or that have a number of different departments working on related projects.
• Develop employee skills and knowledge. The matrix structure can help to develop employee skills and knowledge by exposing them to different departments and projects. This can help employees to become more versatile and adaptable, which can be beneficial for both the employee and the organization.

How does the global matrix differ from the domestic matrix structure described in Chapter 3?

A global matrix structure is a type of matrix structure that is used by organizations with operations in multiple countries. The global matrix structure is similar to the domestic matrix structure, but it has some additional features to accommodate the challenges of managing a multinational organization.

One of the key differences between the global matrix structure and the domestic matrix structure is that the global matrix structure typically has a third layer of management, which is responsible for coordinating the activities of the different country teams. This third layer of management is often referred to as the global layer.

Another key difference between the global matrix structure and the domestic matrix structure is that the global matrix structure typically has a more decentralized decision-making process. This is because it can be difficult to make decisions quickly and efficiently when dealing with multiple countries, each with its own unique culture and business environment.

Examples of organizations that use a matrix structure

• Aerospace and defense companies: These companies often use a matrix structure to manage complex projects that require the expertise of employees from different departments.
• Engineering and construction companies: These companies also often use a matrix structure to manage complex projects that involve multiple teams and disciplines.
• Information technology companies: IT companies often use a matrix structure to manage the development and implementation of new software systems.
• Pharmaceutical companies: Pharmaceutical companies often use a matrix structure to manage the development and launch of new drugs.

Why are employees happier working for a company that provides them with opportunities to contribute to environmental sustainability?

There are a number of reasons why employees are happier working for a company that provides them with opportunities to contribute to environmental sustainability.

• Employees want to feel like they are making a difference in the world. Many employees are motivated by the desire to do work that has a positive impact on society and the environment.
• Employees are more likely to be proud of their work if they are working for a company that is committed to sustainability. Employees want to be able to stand behind the products and services that their company offers, and they are more likely to be proud of their work if they know that their company is doing its part to protect the environment.
• Employees are more likely to be attracted to and retained by companies that are committed to sustainability. A growing number of employees are looking for employers that share their values, including a commitment to sustainability.

Outside research to support the claim that employees are happier working for a company that provides them with opportunities to contribute to environmental sustainability

A 2019 study by the Cone Communications Sustainability Millennial Impact Report found that 75% of millennials would take a pay cut to work for a company that is committed to sustainability. The study also found that 73% of millennials believe that companies have a responsibility to protect the environment.

A 2020 study by the Deloitte Global Millennial Survey found that 63% of millennials believe that businesses are more successful when they are aligned with social and environmental goals. The study also found that 61% of millennials are willing to pay more for products and services from companies that are committed to sustainability.

Real-world example of a country with a comparative advantage in a good

One example of a country with a comparative advantage in a good is China in the production of electronics. China has a number of factors that give it a comparative advantage in this industry, including:

• A large and well-educated workforce. China has a large population of people with the skills and training needed to work in the electronics industry.
• Low wages. China has lower wages than many other developed countries, which gives it a cost advantage in the production of labor-intensive goods such as electronics.
• A strong infrastructure. China has a well-developed infrastructure that supports the electronics industry, including roads, railways, and ports.