A heart attack, also medically known as a myocardial infarction, is a serious medical emergency that occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart is severely reduced or cut off completely. This lack of blood flow can damage or destroy part of the heart muscle.

Here’s a breakdown of the causes and consequences of a heart attack:

Causes:

• Coronary artery disease: This is the most common cause of heart attacks. It happens when fatty deposits (plaque) build up inside the coronary arteries, which are the blood vessels that supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. This buildup narrows the arteries, restricting blood flow.
• Coronary artery spasm: A sudden, temporary tightening of a coronary artery can also reduce blood flow and trigger a heart attack, even if there’s no significant plaque buildup.
• Blood clot: A blood clot can form in a narrowed coronary artery, completely blocking blood flow and causing a heart attack.

Risk factors for heart attack:

• High blood pressure
• High cholesterol
• Diabetes
• Smoking
• Obesity
• Family history of heart disease
• Unhealthy diet
• Physical inactivity
• Stress

Symptoms of a heart attack:

• Chest pain or discomfort, often described as pressure, squeezing, or a fullness in the center of the chest that lasts for more than a few minutes or comes and goes
• Pain or discomfort in other areas of the upper body, such as the arms, back, neck, jaw, or stomach
• Shortness of breath
• Nausea or vomiting
• Lightheadedness or dizziness
• Breaking out in a cold sweat

Importance of Seeking Immediate Help:

If you experience any of the symptoms of a heart attack, it’s crucial to seek immediate medical attention. Call emergency services or proceed to the nearest emergency department without delay. Early treatment can significantly improve outcomes and reduce the risk of long-term complications.