History of Labor and Work in the United States, 1880-1945

 

 

The economy and labor market of the United States underwent massive changes in the
late 1800s. In the industrial north, a growing number of men, women, and children of different
racial, ethnic, and occupational backgrounds became wage laborers. In the agricultural south,
many formerly enslaved workers also became wage laborers working for wealthy landowners
and employers. One of the major issues in this time period was the conflict between these
workers and their employers, the struggle between labor and capital. What were some of the
social and economic conditions that enabled workers to, at times, unite with one another to
pursue common goals? What were some of the major unions and/or political organizations
formed by workers to improve their jobs in the late 1800s? How did employers resist these
efforts, and in what ways did government officials sometimes intervene to assist them against
workers?

Sample Solution

During the late 1800s, a growing number of workers from diverse backgrounds began to face similar challenges in the United States labor market. These included long work hours, low wages, and dangerous working conditions (Hacker & Piore, 2015). This struggle between labor and capital was further exacerbated by political marginalization where workers felt disempowered due to their lack of representation in policy decisions (Tilly 2003). Despite these issues however, workers were still able to come together for common goals through various means.

For instance, there was a rise in worker collectivism as trade unions formed which enabled laborers to gain leverage when negotiating with employers over wages or improved working conditions. Organizing strikes became an effective tool that allowed them to demonstrate their power while also raising awareness around certain causes (Chapin et al., 2017). Additionally cultural factors such as shared experiences among members of the same occupational group helped unify people despite differences in race or ethnicity (McMahon & Van Horn 2004).

Overall, social and economic conditions during this time period provided many opportunities for workers to unite with one another and fight for better rights. By joining forces they were able to achieve gains that often would not have been possible on an individual level thus creating lasting change that continues today.

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