How σ and π bonds are similar and how they are different.

 

1. Explain how σ and π bonds are similar and how they are different.
Can a molecule with an even number of electrons ever be paramagnetic? Explain why or why not.

 

Sample Solution

It’s feasible to envision two electrons in a sphere interacting with one another. When double and triple bonds are considered, however, this image may seem that we are cramming more electrons into the same sphere of space, which isn’t the case. Electrons despise being forced together (especially since they all have negative charges that repel one another). As a result, we’ll need a more complicated picture that can accommodate all of these electrons. The hybridization model aids in the understanding of molecules that have double or triple bonds (see figure below). Ethene (C2H4) has a double covalent bond between two carbon atoms and single bonds between carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms.

iscuss about the comparison between the organization cultural of military forces between the British army that help in counterinsurgency of Malaysia(Malaya) and U.S Army that help in Vietnam War. The organization culture can be defined as a decisive determinant in their effectiveness and hence help to determine the course of international politics. In simple words, the organization cultural of military forces can be defined as the ability of military organization to adapt or to change whether that change occurs in military technology and in the structure of the international system. This organization cultural are one of the main component of state’s ability to guarantee their own security and their allies. The point that will be discuss is about the evaluating the literature on military innovation. As for the British Army, the civilian leaders in Britain which had institutional incentives to act as a unit that had an easier time agreeing for both policy goals and oversight options to ensure that the British army followed these goal that been framed by the leader’s. By setting these goals, the British army will react more flexibility to change their mind set same as the civilian leader’s goals. In contra, as for the U.S Army, the civilian leaders in the United State army which have an institutional incentive to act separately and found it harder to agree on policy goals which often to choose more complex oversight mechanism and did not always induce the U.S Army to respond easily. Besides that, the British army officer’s response directly with their political master cabinet which this will create a improve way of flexible military. As for the American system, the military has the ability to “trade off” demands that made by the congress that against the president. From the argument that been elaborate, we can conclude that different in political system of the government will led the nation’s politicians to create different militaries. Besides, the critical independent variable is not the nature of the national government which has the most cases that has a little impact on which policies the military to adopt but it is the organization culture of the military institution that determine whether innovation of the military will succeed or fail for each country. The other point of comparison for this paragraph is

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