Sample Solution

The difference between intelligence and academic achievement lies in the fact that intelligence is an overall measure of cognitive skills, while academic achievement is a measure of how well one does on tests or other measures related to school performance (Sternberg & Grigorenko, 2001). Intelligence involves a variety of factors such as logical reasoning and problem-solving abilities, whereas academic achievements is more narrowly focused on how well one performs in school.

Two potential environmental influences which have been associated with both intelligence and academic achievement are nutrition and physical activity levels (Cox et al., 2017). Poor nutrition can lead to deficiencies in essential vitamins or minerals which can impact mental development, while regular physical activity has been shown to improve memory recall and focus (Kamijo et al., 2011). Additionally, two biological influences linked to both intelligence and academic achievement include genetics and brain structure. Research has found that certain genes may affect neurological pathways involved in cognition as well as certain structural differences like size or shape of certain brain regions which can impact learning capacity (Gozdz et al., 1999).

In conclusion, environmental factors such as nutrition levels or physical activity along with biological influences like genetic makeup or brain structure all play a role in influencing both intelligence and academic achievements. Understanding these connections help us gain insight into why some people excel at academics while others do not even though they may have similar intellectual capabilities. Through further research into these areas we can better understand how best to maximize our educational resources so all students regardless of their backgrounds have equal opportunities for success.