Language and Cognition.

 

“He never learned to speak more than a few words, but he developed some sensitivity to sounds and mastered table manners and polite comportment.” (Douthwaite, 2002, p. 21)

Here, Douthwaite describes historical accounts of a feral child discovered in Germany and taken in to live out his life under the care of “civilized” keepers. Psychologists and neurologists have long devoted attention to cases of “wild children,” those who begin maturation outside of human society, with little or no human contact. Cases involving such children inform understanding of the cognitive processes inherent to language development. Consider how the effects of environmental deprivation compare to the effects of deafness on the development of language. Another influence on language production and comprehension is neurological disruption. For example, strokes—brain damage due to blockage of blood supply or hemorrhage—have helped to differentiate important sites in the brain, as well as their functional implications.

For this Discussion, consider influences of environmental deprivation, deafness, and neurological disruption on language acquisition, production, and comprehension.

Post an explanation of how environmental deprivation, deafness, and neurological disruption (e.g., stroke or brain injury) might influence language acquisition, production, or comprehension. Provide examples for each to support your response.

Sample Solution

Esperanto was an attempt at a universal language based in writing. The creator, Zamenhof, developed the language with the influence of the Romantic languages. (Citation) Esperanto still needed to be learned and so wasn’t universal, but considered the relationship and variations between existing languages to make it easier to learn and understand. Would designing a language from existing languages work better than designing one through commonality found within all humans? The differences could be too great between languages, and a textual language can be spoken and needs the knowledge of the sounds. A pictorial language is relying on how it is read, symbols representing things both literally and abstractly.

 

 

Symbols can be understood more effectively with cultural associations, but in order for a universal language to function, these associations need to be everyones. However, the reader cannot rely on set information by the author, symbols need to be interpretative to allow for different cultures and change in society. For a symbol to be understood universally, it would need to hold associations for everyone through interpretation but allow for a cultural influence to change or alter the meaning and for it to still function. In the case of Isotype in Nigeria (Neurath.M, 2009), a house looks different to how Western Europeans would represent one. A symbol would be needed that is more ideographic than pictographic, to suggest a house rather than to represent a cultural style of a house. ‘Interpretation thus presupposes a discrepancy between the clear meaning of the text and the demands of (later) readers. It seeks to resolve that discrepancy.’ (Sontag.S, 1966. pg.3).

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chapter 3: Designing for the World. Commonality through Evolution.

 

 

The 1964 Japan Olympics were the first to implement pictograms for information communication and the visual identity of the event (fig.13). Katsumi Masaru created the icons for each event, designing them as neutral as possible so that every culture and gender felt represented. Within a visual language representation of the audience is

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