Write a page paper using the following directions:
1. Select an environmental risk that results from either food production or manufacturing. In the introduction to your paper, identify the specific risk you selected and whether it is related to food production or manufacturing. Describe the food production or manufacturing activity that creates the risk, including details about location or setting, as well as stakeholders.
2. Risk analysis.
o Identify the release information.
o Research the circumstances under which exposure takes place. Either document examples of release that have taken place or describe plausible release scenarios.
o Describe the effects of this risk on individual and population health. Provide examples of the effects, specific exposures, and health-related incidents.
3. Risk Communication: Evaluate the attention-getting potential of this risk based on its characteristics. Page 47 of the textbook lists the features of a risk that are likely to arouse outrage.
4. Management and Harm Reduction: Research the way this risk is managed and reduced, such as regulation or legislation. If you cannot find the information for this risk in particular, research management and hard reduction for similar risks. Evaluate the success of at least two risk management or harm reduction approaches for the risk. Support your evaluation with reference to resources. These management or reduction efforts may include the following, or others:
o Laws that apply to limiting or regulating the activity.
o Programs or laws that require cleanup related to this risk.
o Costs of mitigation or treatment of effects.
5. Use at least four sources to support your writing. Choose sources that are credible, relevant, and appropriate. Cite each source listed on your source page at least one time within your assignment. For help with research, writing, and citation, access the library or review library guides.
The environmental risk that I have selected is water contamination as a result of food production and manufacturing. Water contamination occurs when pollutants from the environment, such as agricultural chemicals, are introduced into bodies of water or aquifers. This can occur through direct discharges from the food production or manufacturing process, runoff from fields where crops are cultivated and fertilizers applied, or leaching from landfills used for disposing waste generated by these industries. In addition to agricultural activities, food processing plants and manufacturing facilities also contribute to water contamination; this includes the release of toxic metals and industrial chemicals into nearby rivers or groundwater systems (Aguayo et al., 2020).
The most common locations for food production and manufacturing activities that lead to water contamination are in urban areas where there is a higher population density, higher concentrations of industry and less land available for natural buffers such as wetlands that can absorb some pollutants before they reach surface waters (Lemly & Zahawi, 2018). Additionally, stakeholders in this situation include farmers who use chemical inputs in their agricultural practices to increase yield; factory owners who may not be aware of their impact on local ecosystems; government regulators tasked with ensuring compliance with environmental standards; conservationists advocating for greater protections from pollution sources; and citizens impacted by contaminated drinking supplies.
Overall, pollution resulting from global food production and manufacturing practices has become increasingly apparent due to rapid urbanization rates coupled with poor regulation enforcement across many countries. While certain organizations have sought out solutions to reduce the amount of contaminants entering aquatic systems – such as initiatives focusing on reducing fertilizer usage or improving wastewater treatment strategies – much more needs to be done if we want to preserve our vital waterways long-term (McBride et al., 2017).
Besides, Vittola contends war is fundamental, not just for guarded purposes, ‘since it is legitimate to oppose force with force,’ yet in addition to battle against the unreasonable, a hostile conflict, countries which are not rebuffed for acting shamefully towards its own kin or have treacherously taken land from the home country (Begby et al (2006b), Page 310&313); to “show its foes a thing or two,” yet for the most part to accomplish the point of war. This approves Aristotle’s contention: ‘there should be battle for harmony (Aristotle (1996), Page 187). Nonetheless, Frowe contends “self-protection” has a majority of portrayals, found in Chapter 1, demonstrating the way that self-preservation can’t necessarily legitimize one’s activities. Much more dangerous, is the situation of self-preservation in war, where two clashing perspectives are laid out: The Collectivists, a totally different hypothesis and the Individualists, the continuation of the homegrown hypothesis of self-protection (Frowe (2011), Page 9& 29-34). All the more significantly, Frowe discredits Vittola’s view on retaliation in light of the fact that right off the bat it engages the punisher’s position, yet in addition the present world forestalls this activity between nations through legitimate bodies like the UN, since we have modernized into a generally tranquil society (Frowe (2011), Page 80-1). In particular, Frowe further disproves Vittola through his case that ‘right goal can’t be blamed so as to take up arms in light of expected wrong,’ proposing we can’t simply hurt another in light of the fact that they have accomplished something uncalled for. Different elements should be thought of, for instance, Proportionality. Thirdly, Vittola contends that war ought to be kept away from (Begby et al (2006b), Page 332) and that we ought to continue conditions strategically. This is upheld by the “final retreat” position in Frowe, where war ought not be allowed except if all actions to look for tact comes up short (Frowe (2011), Page 62). This implies war ought not be announced until one party must choose the option to pronounce battle, to safeguard its domain and freedoms, the point of war. In any case, we can likewise contend that the conflict can never be the final hotel, considering there is consistently a method for attempting to stay away from it, similar to approvals or mollification, showing Vittola’s hypothesis is imperfect. Fourthly, Vittola inquiries upon whose authority can request a formal statement of war, where he infers any region can do battle, yet more critically, “the ruler” where he has “the normal request” as per Augustine, and all authority is given to him. This is additionally upheld by Aristotle’s Politics ((1996), Page 28): ‘a ruler is the regular prevalent of his subjects.’ However, he really does later stress to place all confidence in the sovereign is off-base and has results; an exhaustive assessment of the reason for war is expected alongside th