Learning Theories
Incorporating the assumptions of one of the below learning theories (also feel free to research the online library, Internet etc for information on these two theories), make an argument either for or against the insanity defense, that is, should it be allowed and or abolished…and specifically why?
Learning Theories:
1. – Social Learning Theory
– Sutherlands Differential Association Theory
2. Do you believe that ecological approaches have a valid place in contemporary criminological thinking? Specifically…why or why not?
Note: This Forum is directly connected to the following Course Learning Objective:
LO1. Analyze the main assumptions of prominent theories within criminology (e.g., Strain
Theory, Classical Criminology, Learning Theory, Labeling Theory, Rational Choice
Theory, and others) to current topics within the criminal justice arena
Instructions: The response to each question should be a “minimum” of 500 words of content (does not count references and or restating a question) and include “at least” two properly referenced sources, in accordance with APA 6th edition, for full credit. Please see the syllabus for what constitutes a “substantive” response.
Within your post, please place the first Forum response on top of the second, i.e., both Forum responses should be in the same post within the Forum.
Week 3 Readings
Wang V. C. X. (2012). Understanding and promoting Learning Theories. International Forum of Teaching and Studies, 8(2), 5-11.
Mark, h. (2009). Comment: The moral significance of the insanity defense. Journal of Criminal Law, 73(4), 310-317. DOI: 10.1350/jcla.2009.73.4.581.
Tittle, C.R., Burke, M.J., and Jackson, E.F. (2001). Modeling Sutherland’s Theory of Differential Association: Towards an empirical clarification. Social Force, 6(2), 405-432.
Rafiq, M. (2006). Legal theory and case law defining the insanity defense in English and Welsh law. Journal of Forensic Psychiatry & Psychology, 17(2), 230-252. DOI: 10.1080/14789940600554609.
Sample Solution
Learning Theories
Social learning theory is one of the most popular and frequently researched theories in criminology. Social learning theory has its roots in the work from the 1940s with Dr. Edwin Sutherland differential association. Dr. Sutherland theory of differential association stated that crime is learned through interactions with close associates. In simple terms, people learn new behaviors, values, and attitudes by direct experience and observing other people`s behavior through positive or negative stimuli. The ecological approach acknowledges the primary impact of social structures and physical environmental factors in honing human behavior. The ecological approach is still considerably important in criminological studies. Presently, it can be noted that criminal incidences and social delinquents are confined, in the most parts, in certain areas of the city. One would need no formal background in sociology or criminology to be able to confidently say that the characteristics of neighborhoods is dynamically related to crime rates and delinquency.
