Major perspectives of Psychology

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Part I: For this writing assignment you will discuss the four major perspectives of Psychology and give an example of each

For Part II: of the written assignment, explain why the following course objectives are important to understanding psychology:

1. Define the science of psychology.

2. Distinguish between a theory, a hypothesis, and an operational definition.

3. Explain how genes, chromosomes, DNA, and genomes all relate to one another and their importance to psychology.

4. Identify and describe the major structures of the central nervous system and their primary functions.

Sample Solution

Major perspective of Psychology

Psychology is usually defined as the scientific study of human behavior and mental processes. The four major perspectives of psychology include: biological perspective, behavioral perspective, cognitive perspective, and socio-culturally perspective. The biological perspective states that all thoughts, feeling and behavior ultimately have a biological cause. It is one of the major perspective in psychology and involves such things as studying the brain, genetics, hormones, and the immune and nervous system. The behaviorist perspective is concerned with how environmental factors (called stimuli) affect observable behavior (called the response). For example, if an individual is hungry they will seek out food. Cognitive psychology involves the study of internal mental processes – all of the things that go on inside your brain, including perception, thinking, and learning.

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Climate is expressed as the long-term average pattern of weather in a given area, local, regional or even global. Climate change on the global scale has become a major concern to many in recent history, with some main driving points being global warming, rising ocean levels, habitat destruction and increased extreme weathers (storms, hurricanes, etc.). As stated by Althor et al., “the current generation is the first to feel the effects of anthropogenic climate change. Despite their well-known harmful impacts to the world’s climate system, greenhouse gases (GHG) are deliberately emitted by countries to drive economic growth and enhance human wellbeing.” (Althor et al, 2016) Some major causes of climate/weather related issues, such as rising average temperatures, rising sea levels and increased precipitation patterns, can be linked with the emissions of greenhouse gases. The unfortunate consequences of these climate/weather related events include, species not being able to find food, having to flee from specific environments due to destruction of habitats, and in some cases, species becoming endangered or even facing extinction.

Effects on the arctic

As the Earth heats we experience many concerns with respect to biodiversity, one of them being the rise in ocean levels & melting of glaciers impacting the species living in the arctic. “Climate change is already having an impact on biodiversity and is projected to become a progressively more significant threat in the coming decades. Loss of arctic sea threatens biodiversity across an entire biome and beyond.” (Shah, 2014) Performance curves can be used to determine the ranges within which a species can survive, grow and reproduce respectively. Such is the case in the arctic environments, with the rise in temperatures and ocean levels disabling certain animals from feeding and reproducing effectively. For example, constantly melting and freezing ice conditions effect the living circumstances of both seals and polar bears as “normally, ringed seal pups are born under snow drifts [which] the polar bears can dig through with relati

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