Maxwell Law of electromagnetic waves

 

(a) (5 pts) State the equations of maxwell Law of electromagnetic waves.
(b) (10 pts) Show that the equation described below satisfy Maxwell’s
second order differential equation of electromagnetic wave
Ey(x, t) = 5(N/C) sin(107 x – 3•1015t) k
where t is in seconds and x is in meters.
.
(c) (5pts) What is the direction and maximum value of the magnetic field
strength of the wave described by the above equation?
(16 pts) Young’s double-slit experiment is performed with 620-nm light
and a distance of 1.00 m between the slits and the screen. The 8th
interference minimum is observed 5.26 mm from the central maximum.
Determine the spacing of the slits.
(17 pts) An unpolarized light 4 W/m2
in intensity is passed through a
polarizer and two other analyzers as depicted below. The transmission
axes are θ1=20
o
, θ2 = 10
o
and θ3 = 70
o with respect to the vertical axis.
What is the intensity of the light after it passes the last analyzer?
Polarizer 1st analyzer 2nd analyzer
θ1 θ2 θ3
(16 pts) Use Ray Tracing Diagram to locate the position and height of the
image by a diverging lens. Give percent error with the theoretical
calculation using lens makers equation. The focal length of the lens is 5
cm, the distance of the object from the lens is 10 cm and the height of the
object is 4 cm.
(16 pts) Calculate the minimum thickness of a soap-bubble film that
results in constructive interference in the reflected light if the film is
illuminated with light whose wavelength in free space is λ = 620 nm.
(15 pts) A grating with 50 grooves/mm is used with an incandescent light
source. Assume the visible spectrum to range in wavelength from 400 nm
to 700 nm. In how many orders can one see (a) the entire visible spectrum
and (b) the short-wavelength region of the visible spectrum?

 

Sample Solution

Maxwell Law of electromagnetic waves

James Clerk Maxwell was one of the major contributors to physics in the 19th century. Although he died young, he made major contributions to the development of kinetic theory of gases, to the understanding of the kinetic theory of gases, to the understanding of color vision, and to the nature of Saturn`s rings. Maxwell`s prediction of electromagnetic waves resulted from his formulation of a complete and symmetric theory of electricity and magnetism, known as Maxwell`s equations. The four Maxwell`s equations together with the Lorentz force law encompass the major laws of electricity and magnetism.

 

 

String Theory

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string from string theoryThe world we live in today is continually progressing as far as science and innovation. Because of the Internet, the data about late logical revelations—which has before been just known by the picked not many—is currently generally accessible to the majority. Science has gotten mainstream, effectively available, and in any event, engaging. One of the ever-famous objects of enthusiasm for both science lovers and genuine physicists is string hypothesis, which has all the odds to turn into the most significant hypothesis throughout the entire existence of science. Be that as it may, what is its purpose?

To begin with, string hypothesis has not been built up at the same time in its cutting edge variant. Despite what might be expected, its premises had been created in the start of the twentieth century, and since that time, string hypothesis has experienced various changes. In like manner, various kinds of string hypothesis were named in an unexpected way. In various occasions—and relying upon the particularities of each sort—the hypothesis was called bosonic string hypothesis, supersymmetric string hypothesis, Type I, Type IIA, Type IIB, Heterotic string speculations, M-hypothesis, Matrix hypothesis, Brane world situations, and numerous others (Dummies.com). In this way, the present name “string hypothesis” is increasingly a speculation for various co-related hypotheses.

String hypothesis as we probably am aware it is an endeavor of present day material science to locate a solitary hypothesis that offers a definitive clarification to such powers of nature as gravity, electromagnetism, and solid and feeble atomic powers. As physicists have known for quite a while, matter comprises of particles; every one of them is a blend of electrons, protons, and neutrons. As science advanced, it was found that electrons, protons, and neutrons comprise of littler particles. As per string hypothesis, these particles are small vibrating strings (Physics.org). Researchers accept they are intricate items, the presence of which is conceivable because of long-chain between nuclear holding. An issue based vibrating string is the aftereffect of a mix of protection laws, mass, and helpful linearities that are inalienable to our constant type of spacetime. The strings are accepted to be made out of a factually improbable type of long-chain holding, contingent upon the properties of particles, which are mind boggling multiparticle structures and whose properties are fairly impossible (Physics.StackEschange).

String hypothesis presents the possibility of the multi-dimensional universe. Up until this point, researchers have thought about that lone four measurements exist (common space measurements and time). Nonetheless, string hypothesis recommends there ought to associate with eleven measurements. These days, physicists are searching for an approach to find these seven new measurements (Physics.org). No one but time can show what commonsense use humankind will have the option to remove from the disclosure of these extra measurements. Notwithstanding, it tends to be said that string hypothesis doesn’t prevent the chance from securing the presence of equal universes.

String hypothesis today is the most planned hypothesis clarifying such powers of nature as gravity, electromagnetism, and atomic powers. It accommodates—or if nothing else attempts to—the general hypothesis of relativity with quantum mechanics. All through its advancement, it has bore various names, for example, the bosonic string hypothesis, supersymmetric string hypothesis, etc. The hypothesis infers that the particles of which molecules—and, individually, matter—comprise are strings vibrating at various frequencies. What’s more, which is by all accounts all the more energizing to people in general, string hypothesis asserts the presence of equal universes is conceivable.

References

“String Theory for Dummies.” Cheat Sheet. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 July 2015.

“What are the Strings in String Theory Made of?” Physics Stack Exchange. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 July 2015.

“What is String Theory?” Physics.org. N.p., n.d. Web. 20 July 2015.

disclosure exposition, paper about nature, science article

 

 

 

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