Mary and Sean want to do everything they can to support their 3-year-old daughter’s motor development. What advice would you give them?
Physical and Cognitive Development in Early Childhood
Describe body growth and brain development during early childhood.
Describe the effects of heredity, nutrition, and infectious disease on physical growth and health in early childhood.
What factors increase the risk of unintentional injuries, and how can childhood injuries be prevented?
Cite major milestones of gross- and fine-motor development, along with factors that affect motor progress, in early childhood.
Describe advances in mental representation, and limitations of thinking, during the preoperational stage.
What does follow-up research imply about the accuracy of Piaget’s preoperational stage?
What educational principles can be derived from Piaget’s theory?
Describe Vygotsky’s perspective on the social origins and significance of children’s private speech.
Describe applications of Vygotsky’s theory to education, and evaluate his major ideas.
How do executive function and memory change during early childhood?
Describe the young child’s theory of mind.
Summarize children’s literacy and mathematical knowledge during early childhood.
Describe early childhood intelligence tests and the impact of home, preschool and kindergarten programs, child care, and educational media on mental development.
Trace the development of vocabulary, grammar, and conversational skills in early childhood.
Cite factors that support language learning in early childhood
Emotional and Social Development in Early Childhood:
What personality changes take place during Erikson’s stage of initiative versus guilt?
Describe the development of self-concept and self-esteem in early childhood.
Identify changes in understanding and expressing emotion during early childhood, citing factors that influence those changes.
Describe peer sociability and friendship in early childhood, along with cultural and parental influences on early peer relations.
What are the central features of psychoanalytic, social learning, and cognitive-developmental approaches to moral development?
Describe the development of aggression in early childhood, including family and media influences and effective approaches to reducing aggressive behavior.
Discuss biological and environmental influences on preschoolers’ gender-stereotyped beliefs and behavior.
Describe and evaluate major theories that explain the emergence of gender identity.
Describe the impact of child-rearing styles on development, and explain why authoritative parenting is effective.
Discuss the multiple origins of child maltreatment, its consequences for development, and prevention strategies.