Multinationals in Emerging Economies

 

 

Read the following case of CSR decoupling and provide an essay by answering one question of the below assessment questions.

Case
Emerging-economy multinational enterprises (EMNEs) often experience the liability of origin in international business. To overcome such disadvantages, many EMNEs use corporate social responsibility (CSR) as a legitimacy-enhancing strategy. However, because CSR requires firm resources and social commitments, some EMNEs engage in symbolic CSR actions rather than substantive ones, leading to a phenomenon of CSR decoupling. CSR decoupling can be defined as the gap between the firms’ avowed adoption of CSR policies and their actual implementation (Roulet & Touboul, 2015) or the inconsistency between firms’ CSR reporting and performance (Tashman, Marano, & Kostova, 2019). Some firms use CSR decoupling as “a symbolic strategy whereby firms overstate their CSR performance in their disclosures to strengthen their legitimacy” (Tashman et al., 2019: 154). As an example, Tashman et al. (2019: 156) state:
[I]n 2014, South Korean multinationals Kia and Hyundai were fined $300 million by
the US Justice Department and Environmental Protection Agency for ‘‘overstating the
gas mileage for 1.2 million vehicles’’ (Gelles, 2015).
Although developed country multinationals (DMNEs) also involve in CSR decoupling (for Volkswagen Diesel Scandal, see Clemente & Gabbioneta, 2017), EMNEs are more susceptible to the efficiency-legitimacy tension than DMNEs because their strategies are generally cost sensitive in the overseas market competition. However, EMNEs can improve legitimacy by not engaging in CSR decoupling?

Assessment questions
1. How do national-level institutions affect CSR decoupling of EMNEs?
2. How does internationalization affect CSR decoupling of EMNEs?
Assessment criteria
– The extent to which academic concepts and theories have been incorporated (20%)
– Depth of literature review (reading relevant research) (40%)
– Clarification of argument, clarity of writing, correct adherence of the submission guidelines below (40%)

Submission guidelines
– body can include charts, graphs, diagrams, etc. and up to 2 pages of references.
– The title should not exceed 15 words and must be followed by a 250-word abstract.
– References are required and must be included in the submission file.
Essay should consist of a title, abstract, introduction, main text, discussion, and reference list.

 

References
Clemente, M., & Gabbioneta, C. 2017. How does the media frame corporate scandals? The case of German newspapers and the Volkswagen diesel scandal. Journal of Management Inquiry, 26(3): 287–302.
Gelles, D. 2015. Social responsibility that rubs right off. New York: The New York Times.
Roulet, T. J., & Touboul, S. 2015. The intentions with which the road is paved: Attitudes to liberalism as determinants of greenwashing. Journal of Business Ethics, 128(2): 305–320.
Tashman, P., Marano, V., & Kostova, T. 2019. Walking the walk or talking the talk? Corporate social responsibility decoupling in emerging market multinationals. Journal of International Business Studies, 50(2): 153–171.

 

 

 

 

 

Sample Solution

Kant believed morality to be deontological; the word ‘Deon’ when translated is the Greek term for duty. Therefore the deontological argument is based on doing acts because they are good in themself and not based on the consequences or other factors including emotion. Kant supposed that one was able to create a moral system based on reason. Humans have reason above instinct, and this means that our motivations go beyond mere pleasure .In this essay I will explain and discuss the deontological argument advocated by Kant.

Kant questions what it means to be good and concludes that good will is the will to do the right thing. It’s not good because of what you can get out of it but because it is good in itself. Humans are imperfect and tend to act according to their desires, which is not morally good. An example being if a shopkeeper gave their customer the correct amount of change; if they did this out of fear of being caught out by giving their customer the wrong the change then the act is not a generally good act however if they returned the correct change not thinking about the consequences but doing it for the right reason and purely out of respect for the moral rules. Morality is a system of rules that you place on yourself; moral rules come to us, as we are rational beings. Some reasons we cannot ignore and apply to everyone.

Categorical imperatives are maxims; this being rules that you have to do all the time regardless of circumstances. Kant provides three different formulations about the categorical imperatives. The first of the three formulations is universalisation he writes ‘ I ought never to act except in such a way that I could also will that my maxim should become universalised’. By saying this he states that one should only act in a way that makes sense for you but also in a way that is considerable and would allow everyone else to act in the same way. A person’s moral law is their will and must be consistent. An example being one must not lie, this is an important maxim as if everyone told small white lies the world would be corrupt and honesty would be a useless trait as lies would be the norm and the truth would be lost in translation. It can be believed that our actions are merely us seeking pleasure and avoiding pain however Kant presents a clear explanation in ‘Groundwork of a Metaphysic of Moral’ where he argues against this point by stating that if pleasure were the only thing to motivate our actions then we would be only have instinct to guide us, as instinct suffices for obtaining pleasure.

This question has been answered.

Get Answer
WeCreativez WhatsApp Support
Our customer support team is here to answer your questions. Ask us anything!
👋 Hi, Welcome to Compliant Papers.