Child maltreatment is the abuse and neglect that occurs to children under 18 years of age (WHO). It includes all types of physical and/or emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect, negligence and commercial or other exploitation, which results in actual or potential harm to the child`s health, survival, development or dignity in the context of a relationship of responsibility, trust or power. Preventing and responding to child maltreatment requires a multisectoral approach. The earlier such interventions occur in children`s lives, the greater the benefits to the child (e.g. cognitive development, behavioral and social competence, educational attainment) and to society (e.g. reduced delinquency and crime). Effective and promising interventions include: parent and caregiver support; education and life skills approaches; implementation and enforcement of laws; response and support services.
Metastasis are sound volumes based on simple straight lines, the glissandi. [Ioannis Xenakis, 2001]
The idea of continuous tweaking to move from one acoustic state to another (loud-gentle, high-low, fast-slow) without being readily perceived was his main concern at the time.
After the completion of Metastasis, Xenakis will create a dynamic architectural example inspired by Philips Pavilion’s double-curved surfaces in 1958 in Brussels.
The similarities between the Philips Pavilion and Metastasis have come from the same idea, namely the constant change between two characteristic situations.
III.2. Libeskind: The experience of space and music as an inspiration
Libeskind was born in Poland in 1946 and then left as a refugee for America where he obtained American citizenship. Both of his parents were of Jewish origin and survivors of the holocaust. As a young man, Libeskind learned to play the accordion and soon became a virtuoso.
In New York, he studied at the Bronx High School of Science, became an American citizen in 1965 and graduated in 1970 from Architecture. He worked in offices of major architects, such as Peter Eisenman (1972) and Richard Meier (1968). He has lived and traveled to many cities and countries in the world, such as Germany, Italy and Los Angeles, and has taught in many universities, such as Yale and Kentucky.
Libeskind completed his first building at the age of 52 (1998). Prior to this, critics considered his plans to be impossible to build and over-ambiguous. His first worldwide success was the Jewish Museum in Berlin in 1999.
His musical attitude
Architecture and music according to Libeskind need memory to connect the past with the present and the future, and that is something that unites them. Another point is that music is accurate and so architecture must also be.
“You cannot describe in about, a musical piece, you have to be specific,” he says, comparing a sheet music and a floor plan. [Helen Wallace, 2007]
