Pathophysiology & Clinical Findings of the Disease

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1. Based on the review of the history, physical and lab findings what is the most likely diabetes diagnosis for this patient?

 

2. Explain the pathophysiology associated with the chosen diabetes diagnosis.

 

 

3. Identify at least three subjective findings from the case which support the chosen diagnosis.

 

 

 

4. Identify at least three objective findings from the case which support the chosen diagnosis

 

 

Sample Solution

Here’s how to approach this case:

  1. Review the information: Unfortunately, the case details (history, physical exam, and lab findings) are missing. To determine the most likely diagnosis, we would need this information.
  2. Consider the presenting symptoms: Common symptoms of diabetes include frequent urination, excessive thirst, increased hunger, unexplained weight loss, blurry vision, fatigue, and slow-healing wounds.
  3. Review lab findings: Key lab findings for diabetes diagnosis include:
    • Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) > 126 mg/dL
    • Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) > 6.5%
    • Random Plasma Glucose (RPG) > 200 mg/dL with symptoms
  4. Differentiate between types: Depending on the additional information, the most likely diagnosis could be:
    • Type 1 Diabetes: Often presents in childhood or young adulthood, results from the body’s inability to produce insulin.
    • Type 2 Diabetes: More common, often develops in adulthood, results from insulin resistance or insufficient insulin production.

Here’s an example of how to answer the questions based on a hypothetical case:

  1. Most Likely Diagnosis: Based on the review of the history (excessive thirst, frequent urination, recent weight loss), physical exam (dry mouth, skin sores), and lab findings (FPG 150 mg/dL, HbA1c 8.0%), the most likely diagnosis for this patient is Type 2 Diabetes.
  2. Pathophysiology of Type 2 Diabetes: In Type 2 Diabetes, the body’s cells become resistant to the effects of insulin, or the pancreas doesn’t produce enough insulin. This leads to high blood sugar levels (hyperglycemia) which can damage organs and tissues over time.
  3. Subjective Findings Supporting Type 2 Diabetes: * Excessive thirst (polydipsia) * Frequent urination (polyuria) * Recent weight loss (can occur despite increased appetite)
  4. Objective Findings Supporting Type 2 Diabetes: * Elevated Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) * Elevated Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c)

Remember, this is a hypothetical example. A real diagnosis can only be made by a qualified medical professional.

If you have the specific details of the case (history, physical exam, and lab findings), I can help you analyze them and identify potential diagnoses and supporting evidence.

 

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