Discussion fora provide you with a means to have conversations with your fellow learners and are reflective by
nature. They allow you to read others’ perspectives about the concepts you are learning and carefully consider
a response, thus supporting critical thinking; Includes re-takeable Quiz and posted Essay.
Peer response needed for:
1. Why must self-consciousness, my self-awareness or relationship to myself, be based on my relationship to
another as a mutual struggle for recognition? What role does such “mutual recognition” play in your everyday
life?
I don’t believe that one’s relationship in every aspect to self should ever-present as a mutual struggle for
recognition as they should “recognize themselves as mutually recognizing each other” (Hegel, 167). There
should be harmony. The only time these things can present as a struggle for a relationship with another person
is where you neglect your self-consciousness, self-awareness, or connection to self. In my opinion, it is merely
about unifying the three and being cautious and aware of self. Mutual recognition plays a significant role in my
life when it comes to balancing my home work-life balance. Not one should get more attention than the other.

4. Using a specific example, quote and citation for each, describe the ONE of the three types of freedom for
Hegel. See See Hegel’s Philosophy of Right’s three major divisions (See Table of contents, pp 3-8):
• moral freedom is the topic of “Morality” (select only one PR, §§105–41 from pp 133-186)
Human beings expect to be judged in accordance with their own determination. And capabilities. One’s own
actions measure the worth of one’s self; hence the point of view of one’s morality is that of freedom, which has
to be for itself (Hegel, p. 135-136). Hegel believes how one feels about themselves and how they act on their
own cognizance is what morality is.
5. Briefly state in your own words how Marx describes that workers become separated or “estranged”
(“alienation”) from their labor in four steps. Has this ever happened to you in any job? Why? Why not? See
Buckley Module Introduction and Secondary Commentaries for help.
It seems that Marx is implying that a combination of nature, self, and circumstances results in a worker
becoming “estranged” or “alienated.” This has not happened to me, but I have witnessed employees have this
battle, but it was always self-induced due to not recognizing that all of these things must be understood to
analyze situations properly (Marx, 1844, p. 8).
7. Explain the major factors that shape specific individual opinions (pp. 216–224)
It has been determined that genes and a combination of environmental factors contribute to shaping individual
opinions. Familial and social networks, education, race, ethnicity, gender, religion, party affiliation, economic
class, and political environment are all factors that contribute to forming a person’s individual opinions
(Ginsberg, pgs. 216-224)
16. Explain why Americans regularly debate the issue of abortion.
Americans regularly debate abortion because I don’t think we have nailed down what “life” is. If the life inside is
indeed a person, then the pro-life side wins in this debate. If the fetus is deemed not indeed to be a “life,” the
pro-choice side wins (Miller, 2020, p. 119-120). There are so many issues surrounding this discussion as a
whole that I think we have to consider why anyone would want to debate with or put restrictions on what
someone should or shouldn’t do with their body. This is one of the times that I think public opinion should not
be optional concerning what one decides to do with their body.
17. What Fact Most Surprises you that you did not know about Abortion in America?
One fact that I was most surprised by was, that there are only 37 states that require parental involvement
before a minor can obtain an abortion. What is most interesting about this to me is that there are other states
that don’t require parental involvement at all.
18. Discuss whether you think public opinion is rational or reasonable with at least one example.
I think that public opinion is generally not rational. People hold others to a standard that they typically don’t
possess themselves. We may live our lives one way, but because it is private and doesn’t face public scrutiny,
we don’t vilify our actions because we feel we are “good” people who made a mistake. Generally, we hold
public figures to higher esteem and feel like they are not allowed to do as we do, not considering that they are
no different from regular citizens.
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I find it both equally amusing and offensive that women’s bodies are the only bodies that people feel the need
to have strong opinions on what happens with their bodies. It is quite a thought to think if this were something
that pertained to a man’s body, it would not be a conversation.
Bibliography
Hegel, Phenomenology of Spirit [1807] “A: Self-sufficiency and non-self-sufficiency of self-consciousness;
mastery and servitude.” [Incorrectly translated as “Master and Slave’] ONLY #178-197 (pp161-173) Pinkard
Translation.
Hegel, G.W.F., [Selections] Elements of the Philosophy of Right, H.B. Nisbet, trans. (Cambridge, 1991, 2003).
Hegel, G.W.F., Elements of the Philosophy of Right [1820]
Marx, Karl. Economic and Philosophic Manuscripts of 1844;Publisher: Progress Publishers, Moscow: Progress
Publishers 1959;Translated: by Martin Milligan; Transcribed: by Andy Blunden in 2000; Proofed and corrected
by Matthew Carmody 2009.
Karl Marx, ONLY CHAPTERS #XXIII-XXIV, “Estranged Labor,” Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of
1844.
Miller, William, Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Political Issues 21st Edition New York: McGrawHill, 2020.
We The People, Twelfth Essentials Edition Benjamin Ginsberg, Theodore J. Lowi, Caroline J. Tolbert, and
Margaret Weir W. W. Norton & Company, Inc.