Psychology is an evidence-based field.

 

Why do job descriptions often fail to accurately reflect the true roles and responsibilities of a position?
What steps can an organization take to keep job descriptions relevant and aligned with the organization’s needs?
What is job crafting? Share examples of how job crafting might relate to employee satisfaction and engagement.
How does job crafting relate to organizational success? Share some strategic reasons to enable job crafting.
How can an organization encourage job crafting?

 

 

Psychology is an evidence-based field. When developing your research proposal, you must consider the findings of previous research. In this unit, you will conduct a literature search to identify relevant studies for your literature review. For this discussion, present the first three references you identified for your proposal.

Present each reference using APA style format.
Explain why you believe each article is credible, recent, and directly aligns with your research question or provides supporting evidence for your hypothesis.

 

Sample Solution

Excelling at a job is difficult to do when you’re uncertain of your role and responsibilities. The problem of role ambiguity is more common than you might think.  Clarifying your role starts with reviewing your job description. Take note of the date it was last updated. Some duties may give you a chuckle, such as the requirement of backing up essential documents on floppy disks or CDs. Job duties evolve and often fail to reflect the actual workday of the employee. That happens because priorities and needs in an organization constantly change and workers must adapt. Companies that don’t regularly audit job descriptions expose themselves to disability lawsuits, according to employment lawyers Muskat, Mahoney and Devine (MMD).

 

Overall, jus in bello suggests in wars, harm can only be used against combatants, never against the innocent. But in the end, the aim is to establish peace and security within the commonwealth. As Vittola’s conclusion: ‘the pursuit of justice for which he fights and the defence of his homeland’ is what nations should be fighting for in wars (Begby et al (2006b), Page 332). Thus, although today’s world has developed, we can see not much different from the modernist accounts on warfare and the traditionists, giving another section of the theory of the just war. Nevertheless, we can still conclude that there cannot be one definitive theory of the just war theory because of its normativity.

Jus post bellum

Finally, jus post bellum suggests that the actions we should take after a war (Frowe (2010), Page 208).
Firstly, Vittola argues after a war, it is the responsibility of the leader to judge what to do with the enemy (Begby et al (2006b), Page 332).. Again, proportionality is emphasised. For example, the Versailles treaty imposed after the First World War is questionably too harsh, as it was not all Germany’s fault for the war. This is supported by Frowe, who expresses two views in jus post bellum: Minimalism and Maximalism, which are very differing views. Minimalists suggest a more lenient approach while maximalist, supporting the above example, provides a harsher approach, punishing the enemy both economically and politically (Frowe (2010), Page 208). At the last instance, however, the aim of war is to establish peace security, so whatever needs to be done can be morally justified, if it follows the rules of jus ad bellum.
In conclusion, just war theory is very contestable and can argue in different ways. However, the establishment of a just peace is crucial, making all war type situation to have different ways of approaching (Frowe (2010), Page 227). Nevertheless, the just war theory comprises of jus ad bellum, jus in bello and jus post bellum, and it can be either morally controversial or justifiable depending on the proportionality of the circumstance. Therefore, there cannot be one definitive theory of the just war but only a theoretical guide to show how wars should be fought, showing normativity in its account, which answers the question to what a just war theory is.

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