Sample Solution

collected in form of 1 to 7 Likert scales (1 = “strongly agree”, 7 = “strongly disagree”). Data on respondents’ background were obtained using close-ended question or open-ended question framed to obtain answers represented by discrete values or 1 word.
Data on transactional leadership was collected using 5 items of Podsakoff, et al.’s (1990) scale. The items targeted behaviours such as providing feedback, acknowledging or not performance, and praising work that is better than the average (Podsakoff, MacKenzie, Moorman, & Fetter, 1990). For data regarding transformational leadership, 12 items of the same scale were used. The items addressed behaviours like role modelling, encouraging teamwork, and openness to new opportunities (Podsakoff, MacKenzie, Moorman, & Fetter, 1990). Information on LMX were collected by using 7 items of Graen & Uhl-Bien’s (1995) instrument. The items were aimed at dimensions of leader’s relationship with members (Graen & Uhl-Bien, 1995). Data on psychological safety were collected using items from Edmonson’s (1999) instrument; items targeted behaviours related to team climate (Edmonson A., 1999). Respondents’ background consisted in items on gender, age, education, leadership position, number of team members (if applicable), specialisation (if applicable), years of working experience, and years of experience within organisation.
The questionnaire was distributed online. After completing the questionnaire, team leaders provided a list with their team members; the latter were randomly selected and further contacted by the researchers. The questionnaire was designed and applied in Dutch; for the current study the questionnaire was back translated.
Independent & dependent variables
The study aims to test the relationship between transformational – respectively transactional – leadership, LMX, and psychological safety, proposing that LMX mediates the relationship between leadership style and psychological safety. Therefore transformational, respectively transactional, leadership are the independent variables of the study; LMX is the mediator; and psychological safety is the dependent variable. Respondents’ demographics will be used as control variables.
Plan for data analysis
Data will be analysed using SPSS analysis software. Descriptive analysis will be performed for exploring the characteristics of the study population.