Role of industrialization in urbanization
What role has industrialization played in urbanization in first and third-world nations? As a result in the role of industrialization is classical or modern urbanization more likely to produce slums? Why?
According to Davis, what is the principal function of the Third World urban edge? Why does he say this?
Why did Third World cities and their slums grow so slowly during the first half of the 20th Century? Why did Third World cities and their slums grow so fast during the second half of the 20th Century?
Sample Solution
Industrialization has had a profound impact on urbanization in both first and third-world nations. As industrial processes become more efficient, companies can produce goods at a lower cost and so cities become attractive locations for businesses to expand. This often leads to an influx of people seeking employment opportunities which further drives population growth in cities (Korstanje & Sarmiento 2012).
In the case of first-world countries, industrialization has typically followed a classical pattern with workers moving from rural areas into cities where they can find work. This type of urbanization is driven by economic opportunity and its effects can be seen through suburban sprawl as well as geographical concentrations of certain industries such as steel or automotive production. Additionally, this process often leads to gentrification due to rising land values pushing out poorer populations (Wu 2019).
Conversely, in third-world countries industrialization tends to follow a modern pattern characterized by decentralizing labor forces and increased international trade (Sassen 2001). This model is driven more by global capital flows than localized market conditions; consequently it produces distinct social formations with new sources of labor that create slums around major cities (Portes & Walton 1981). These areas are usually composed of low-income earners who lack access to basic services like potable water or sanitation leading them into extreme poverty. Furthermore, unequal distribution of resources among communities creates stark divisions between those living in affluent neighborhoods versus those living in deprived ones (Sanyal 2007).
Overall, industrialization shapes the ways societies form their habitats across different contexts whether it be through classical models associated with first world nations or modern patterns found among developing countries; however no matter the process these transformations come at a human cost which must be taken into account when discussing any potential solutions.
