Sample Solution

A high-performance work system (HPWS) can be defined as a specific combination of HR practices, work structures, and processes aimed at enhancing employee knowledge and improving his or her skills. Although some noteworthy HR practices and policies tend to be incorporated within most HPWSs, it would be a mistake to focus too much, or too soon, on the pieces themselves. The key concept in this respect is the system. High-performance work systems are composed of many interrelated parts that complement one another to attain the goals of an organization.
The concept of High Performance Working can be described as ‘High performance work practices that consist of new ways of organizing work, reward performance and as well as involving employees in the decision-making process’.
The general idea of HPWS constitutes a claim that there exists a system of work practices that leads in some way to superior organizational performance. There are three concepts explicitly embedded in this proposition: performance, work practices and systemic effects. To understand what is meant by an HPWS, we need to examine each of these concepts separately.

‘ Organizational Performance
The dependent variable in HPWSs, is more complicated to pin down because it is a pessimistic term, similar to ‘organizational effectiveness’. It is something that can be conceived in a variety of ways, incorporating short- and long-run economic outcomes and wider notions of social legitimacy or corporate social responsibility. In terms of HPWSs, however, most researchers have focused on economic performance criteria. This implies that HPWSs, to be deeme