Scientific news article analysis

 

 

 

 

 

Goal: To develop skills to determine the credibility of a news article about a scientific issue.
Steps:
1. Choose a written news piece (article, blog, etc.) on a specific scientific result or claim.
Don’t pick a conspiracy theory–the goal here is to analyze how the article reports on a
scientific claim.
2. Analyze the source using the checklist below. Detailed info on each criterion is on the
separate handout.
3. Make a judgment as to the credibility of the source.
4. Complete the reflection question.
Fill out the table with the information on your source.
The scientific result/claim described
in article:
Headline of the article
The URL for source
The checklist and text is taken from the Information Sources Authenticity Checklist (ISAC),
developed by Ulrike Lahaise, Georgia State University–Perimeter College
All items in the checklist tables below are explained in detail following the table. While working
through the checklist with any article, post, blog, vlog, etc., or claim, be aware of your own biases.
The most common ones are: 1) Confirmation bias: the desire to believe or disbelieve in something
distorts our interpretations and leads us to seek evidence to confirm our bias while we ignore
evidence that disproves it; 2) Bias blind spot: the unawareness of our own bias which makes biased
conclusions appear objective and impartial to us.
As a rule of thumb: the greater your emotional reaction to an article, the more urgent the need to
account for any underlying biases. Here are a couple of simple ways to minimize the effect of biases
when getting information from any source: 1) look for a variety of sources reporting about the issue
of interest that are independent from each other; 2) Compare your own interpretations with those of
several sufficiently impartial experts.
The checklist items are phrased as statements that are true for criteria applying to fake news/bad
information. The more criteria that are true, the more likely that the source is fake or contains
misleading information.
1
Author/Website Analysis
Ratings: “X” if true; “-” if not, “N/A” if
not applicable
Your
rating
Evidence from article/your research
1 Domain
A Page is a personal website or
blog
B Page has an odd title and/or
domain name
C URL ends with “lo”, “.co”, or
odd ending
2 About Us
A Bad Google/Wikipedia review
B Info on authors is missing or
bad
C Author is a blogger
D Contact email is personal
(yahoo, gmail, etc.)
E Site has a disclaimer/is a
satirical website
F Site has no “About us”,
“Contact us”, author info
3 Sources
A In-article links are missing or
sketchy
B Quotes/facts/details are not
authentic
C No sources/only low-quality
sources are included
D Images are taken out of
context and/or altered
4 Writing
A Contains ALL CAPS,
spelling/grammar errors, etc.
B Uses hyperbolic, emotionally
charged language
5 Layout
A Bad visual layout
B Bad navigational functionality
Total # of X’s (out of 17)
2
Information/Claim Analysis
Ratings: “X” if true; “-” if not, “N/A” if
not applicable
Your
rating
Evidence from source/your research
1 Fact-checking
A Site has low ratings on
fact-checking sites
B Info disagrees with
official/expert sources
C Sources are not
cited/cannot be verified
2 Cross-referencing A Info doesn’t agree with
other news sources
3 Timing
A No date is given in
article
B Article is inaccurate b/c
it is late-breaking
4 Biases
A Article has very
positive/negative
language
B Article is one-sided, not
neutral or objective
C Article does not
present alternative
viewpoints/sources
Total # of X’s (out of 9)
3
Now use the results of your analysis to evaluate the credibility of your source. Would you
call it “fake news” or not? Why? There is no one “right” answer–what I’m looking for is
the quality of your justification. Use specifics from the checklist in your discussion. Also
consider the additional points discussed in class (GLAD, etc.).
Evaluation of source:
Now that you’ve completed this analysis, reflect on the experience. What was difficult
about this assignment? What did you learn from it? How will it make you a wiser
consumer of information in the future? Don’t just give broad, vague statements–be as
specific as possible

 

 

 

 

 

Sample Solution

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1. Presentation

The Fleece Countryside Inn is an enormous occasion and café scene situated in Halifax. It endeavors on giving help greatness to all clients while keeping up a nostalgic bar climate with current elucidations. As a little to medium-sized business, it as of now works with 42 representatives. In any case, as a business with high shopper traffic, it uses an EPOS requesting framework instead of the customary utilization of pen and paper. The business is principally centered around its crucial give administration greatness and keep up its notoriety for being one of the world class diners in the neighborhood.

The entrepreneurs settle on all significant level vital business choices, in any case, lower level operational choices, for example, staff levels, stock control and menu turn is taken care of by supervisors.

This report will talk about the present importance of vital arrangement inside a business and draw direct connections between The Fleece Inn’s present data framework system contrasted with its business methodology. From these discoveries, I will layout and legitimize suggestions to improve their present data framework technique with an end goal to guarantee that The Fleece supports its business strategic keeps up a focused edge in a jam-packed market.

The EPOS framework takes into account an increasingly computerized requesting procedure empowering workers to take arranges and enter them straightforwardly into the framework for the request to be imprinted in the kitchen for the gourmet specialists to get ready. All the more critically, the framework figures the entireties of client bills taking into account productive and precise financial computations while lessening the factor of human mistake. Moreover, it permits overseeing staff to have an ongoing outline of the eatery.

Issues with the present innovation exist in the absence of EPOS framework usefulness and current business specialized techniques. The Fleece’s EPOS framework right now being used has no usefulness to record and accomplish client data. Furthermore, business specialized strategies for email, telephone and informal exchange are arduous and obsolete. Thus, this forces real effects on business methodology and income as staff are regularly too occupied to even think about answering the telephone or messages bringing about loss of business and client disappointment.

2. Hierarchical investigation

Johnson characterizes the three fundamental auxiliary sorts, the multidivisional structure, the practical structure and the network structure (2012). The Fleece works a practical hierarchical structure (allude to index 1), as the structure separates duties dependent on a worker’s job inside the business (Pearlson and Saunders, 2009). Johnson contends the utilitarian hierarchical structure to be all the more noticeably utilized in little and medium associations with a restricted degree, which supports why it is utilized The Fleece (2012). This improves worker correspondence and job learning as staff are assembled inside a similar activity work. In this manner, they become acclimated with working with each other and progressively experienced staff can help more current staff inside their job without the necessity of a supervisor present.

The practical structure guarantees clear division of the board levels all through the basic leadership process when creating vital business choices. Procedure is usually separated into three particular levels; utilitarian methodology, business technique and corporate system (allude to supplement 2). The three degrees of methodology each identify with various levels inside The Fleece’s authoritative structure, as exhibited in reference section 3 (Johnson, et al., 2014).

The Fleece’s significant level vital basic leadership procedure includes the thoughts and assessments of directors, in any case, last business developments are at last chosen by the entrepreneur. Watchman guesses that there are two principle kinds of business technique; cost authority and item separation (Miles, 2003). The Fleece uses item separation as its primary key driver, intending to convey on its business strategic be the tip top restaurant in the neighborhood. It could likewise be contended that The Fleece persists a cost separation procedure contrasting from contender costs being one of the more costly restaurants. A 2017 BBC report into the ‘brain research behind spending huge’ found that clients not just appraised a similar item more exceptionally when they were told it was progressively costly, mind sweeps taken proposed they delighted in the experience increasingly in general (Wen, 2017).

3. Current Technology set up

As a medium-sized effectively fruitful business, the proprietors are hesitant to put vigorously into IT without obvious advantages. Thusly, The Fleece’s just Information framework (IS) speculation has experienced the acquisition of its EPOS framework. The EPOS framework computerizes the activity elements of staff and gather deals information for the business. Information investigation has turned into a colossal part of business strategizing a 2017 report by DOMO found 2.5 quintillion bytes of information is all inclusive produced every day (Forbes, 2018). Accordingly, Big Data holds huge incentive to associations through the capacity to create inventive bits of knowledge and improve comprehension of issues (Dietrich, et al., 2015). In this way, to grow this innovation further The Fleece could use information examination and knowledge instruments to give further understanding into deals information and help manufacture client profiles which will further adjust the IS and business technique.

In addition, the business to client (B2C) specialized strategies right now utilized; email, telephone and informal exchange are profoundly wasteful. The Fleece doesn’t have any workers whose immediate job is it keep up client interchanges, along these lines, the reaction time to clients isn’t adequate bringing about client disappointment and loss of income. To neutralize this issue, the business could join table booking usefulness to the previously existing site. This would enable clients to book web based, diminishing staff outstanding burden and empowering the business to catch and gather client data such an email address and from this send financially savvy focused on publicizing and showcasing.

Johnson clarifies that item separation done effectively makes an upper hand, as customers see the item as being one of a kind or prevalent (2012). Along these lines, for The Fleece to keep up its upper hand and accomplish its business crucial must give an assistance better than that of nearby challenge. An ongoing report by EPSILON found that 90% of clients discovered personalization engaging, while 80% said they were bound to work with an organization that offers customized approaches (Patel, 2017). The utilization of information investigation inside the business would enable The Fleece to set up and manufacture client connections through the obtaining of their buy information. Current B2C associations with standard clients are manufactured and kept up through informal exchange and easygoing discussions. Notwithstanding, as staff pivots are very high inside the business when an individual from staff leaves the business as too does the relationship that they have worked with the client. The documentation of this information would help manufacture and make an exact purchaser profile. Additionally, the information could be utilized to fortify business connections by compensating returning clients with offers and improve client maintenance by sending offers to clients that have not come back to the business in some time.

Dietrich, et al. depicts information obtaining as an inestimable knowledge into precisely understanding customer personal conduct standards. As the main information gathered presently inside The Fleece is day by day figures improving this innovation further could furnish The Fleece with vital business learning, for example, most well known items, prominent items by day, client consistency standard, normal client spends ext. From this, the business can see what items are selling most adequately and utilize the information to precisely foresee and contrast income with reason when offers would be best (2015).

4. Vital arrangement

The term vital arrangement is alluded to in writing by Henderson and Venkatraman as ‘linkage’, by Luftman as ‘amicability’ and by Porter as ‘Fit’ (Avison, 2004). Independent of the term, the definition alludes to the exercises that administration performs to accomplish firm objectives through the arrangement of its innovative asset and key desire (Luftman, 2000).

There is much exchange about what is implied by arrangement, why it is required and how associations can turn out to be progressively adjusted, albeit many reason that arrangement is constantly attractive (Sabherwal, 2001; Luftman, 2000; Avison, 2004). Sabherwal (2001) composes strong arrangement between associations IT assets and key objectives are compensated in three different ways; by giving vision and course to respond to new chances, by acquiring and keep up upper hands through Information Systems (IS), and by expanding return on hierarchical IT speculations.

The Strategic Alignment Model (SAM) was first presented by Henderson and Venkatraman in 1989 (allude to informative supplement 4). The model is utilized as a device to envision and survey an associations arrangement between their business and innovative methodologies (Henderson and Venkatraman, 1989). It demonstrates significant for an associations official administration intending to accomplish a degree of arrangement. The key hypothesis of the SAM is, to turn into a progressively capable association, the business methodology ought to be completely lined up with the four vital spaces: business technique, IT system, hierarchical framework and IT foundation (Rothchilde, 2006).

Avison states that despite the fact that the SAM model has reasonable and down to earth qualities, its structure has frail pragmatic application in deciding current arrangement levels (2004). The Strategic Alignment Maturity Model (SAMM) created by Luftman is developed of six criteria which can be perceived in the model of Henderson an

 

 

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