regional terrorism also plays an important role. The Movement of Islamic Resistance (further referred as M.I.R. or Hamas) becomes an especially important actor in the area especially after 2005, when at least three events take place with a strong regional and international impact: the withdrawal of Israel from Gaza in 2005; the electoral success of the Movement in 2006; signing agreements between 2007-2008 by which Fatah had to return possession of Hamas and signing the truce with Israel . Therefore, Hamas becomes the main force of Palestinian resistance with a majority of popular support. Statistically speaking, studies show that the move until 2011 was supported by over 60% of Palestinians in Gaza. Given these issues, Hamas is a decisive factor in international relations in the area of regional security.

The Islamic background of the Movement
One of the dominant features of this movement is Islamic fundamentalism. The islamism as it is called, is broadly a utopian perspective on the political and religious implications of Islam. In an explicit way, it consists of a resizing and re-adaptation of the old traditional religious principles to the new political and social conditions of modernity. Seen from a religious perspective, this is an alternative ideology, opposed to the hegemony of modern Western systems that rely on capitalism, communism, socialism, the visions of democratic egalitarianism, etc. Consequently, we can say that Islamic fundamentalism is a politicized form of Islam, driven to the extreme by ideologues and spiritual leaders, the doctrine coming especially on the path of erroneous or extremist interpretation of jihad . In other terms, Islamic fundamentalism seeks to build a political order based on the implementation of a legalist utopia whose arbitrary elements are embraced by the sacred emblem of Islam . The origins of the Islamist vision lie in a great complexity of causes. According to Hassan Hanafi, the main cause of the failure of the contemporary ideologies of modernization in Islamic space . To be more explicit, the author listed two essential aspects of the previous thesis .
The first aspect, is the failure of Western liberalism in countries with a strong Arab tradition, eg in Egypt. The author consistently demonstrates that the tendencies of democratization of such traditional-religious societies have been doomed to a resounding failure. The authoritarian tendencies, the abolition of the constitution, the asymmetric political game between hegemonic and minority parties, the falsification of electoral results, etc. were major shortcomings of democratization. Consequently, for the management of such crises, po