In surveying the roots and impact of globalization in and around the world, our course has presented different frameworks and theories with which to view, understand and analyze the phenomenon of globalization, including global conflicts and global solutions.
For this paper, you will essentially argue for what is the most compelling or most important aspect of globalization (of the three frameworks weve covered in class: politics, economics, or culture). Youll need to take a stance. While you may consider combining two of the frameworks, you should make a strong argument for why this aspect of globalization (or fusion of) is most the most important. Then, you will apply or evidence your argument using a Western state/ context and a non-Western state/ context. For these contexts, you can consider states in crises, conflict, in development, advancement, etc.
Organization:
You can consider organizing your paper in two parts: The first part presents your argument for why your chosen aspect/ framework of globalization is most important to the spread of or phenomenon of globalization. The second part will then apply your argument to a Western state as an example or case of your argument and a non-Western state as an example or case of your argument.
Aspects of globalization:
1. Politics: Power matters. The political structures and systems have had an undeniable impact in the spread of globalization. From the creation and sustaining of global governance the United Nations (UN), the International Criminal Court (ICC) the International Court of Justice (ICJ) global policies have ensured that the world shares a common framework in how nations, communities and the individual lives of people are treated and protected. The structure of the international global order has also dictated how the world operates and functions.
2. Economics: Money talks. The liberal free market has existed as the dominant means of trade, consumption, growth and cooperation. Not only has the free market allowed for innovation and entrepreneurship to create opportunities for extraordinary wealth in state economies and in the global economy, but the free market has dominated the way states and corporations relate and do business with one another. Dominant means of economics have also created the World Bank (WB) and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) which structure development throughout the world.
3. Culture: Its a Construct. More than power in politics and the dominance of the free market, power truly lies in ideals, norms and values. Dominant ideals have force to create the form of globalization that the world sees, endures and takes part in today. Dominant ideals and the hegemonic ruling power whether political or cultural create undeniably powerful constructs that rule the world, order trade, structure politics and so on. Who the elite is matters in establishing soft and hard power and in the flow of tangible and intangible goods.
Globalization, a multifaceted phenomenon, has been shaped by various interconnected forces. While economics and culture have played significant roles, I argue that politics is the most crucial aspect in driving globalization. Political structures, systems, and decisions have laid the groundwork for the interconnected world we inhabit today.
The Political Framework of Globalization
Political actors, from governments to international organizations, have been instrumental in shaping the rules and regulations that govern globalization. The establishment of international institutions such as the United Nations, the World Trade Organization (WTO), and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) has created a framework for global cooperation and interdependence. These institutions have played a pivotal role in promoting free trade, investment flows, and cultural exchange.
Moreover, political decisions regarding tariffs, subsidies, and trade agreements have significantly influenced the patterns of global trade and economic integration. Governments have also enacted regulations to protect intellectual property, facilitate the flow of information, and address issues such as labor rights and environmental protection.
Case Studies: Western and Non-Western States
Western State: The European Union (EU)
The EU is a prime example of how political integration has driven economic and cultural globalization. The EU’s common market, free movement of people, and shared institutions have fostered economic growth, cultural exchange, and political cooperation among its member states.
Non-Western State: China
China’s rise as a global economic power is closely linked to its political decisions. The Chinese government’s policies of economic liberalization and market reforms have attracted foreign investment, facilitated trade, and propelled China onto the global stage.
Conclusion
While economics and culture have undoubtedly played a role in globalization, it is the political framework that has provided the foundation for global integration. The creation of international institutions, the negotiation of trade agreements, and the regulation of global markets have all been driven by political decisions. Therefore, to understand and shape globalization, it is imperative to focus on the political forces that underpin this complex phenomenon.