Specific populations at risk for physical or emotional problems

 

Identify a vulnerable population or a community health issue
use what you have learned during this course using EBP to guide health technology, community resources,
screening, outreach, referral and follow up to improve health outcomes in the community.

Sample Solution

Specific population at risk for physical or emotional problems

Vulnerable populations include the economically disadvantaged, racial and ethnic minorities, the uninsured, low income families, the elderly, the homeless, those with immunodeficiency virus, and those with other chronic health conditions, including severe mental illness. Healthy Environment for Children Alliance [H.E.C.A], and International Committee of the Red Cross are some of the resources that deal specifically with the environmental health issues affecting vulnerable groups. The environment in your neighborhood and surrounding community has a huge impact on your health and lifespan. Where you live determines how safe your drinking water is, whether you have access to healthy food, how often you get outdoors to exercise and whether you breath clean air. Growing healthy food, reducing neighborhood waste, planting trees, encouraging development of parks and outdoor packing, and volunteering in making your community healthier are ideas to help you and everyone around you live better longer.

Antenatal history and Birth weight are important in predicting the risk of complications. Children born small/large for gestation and those born to mothers with gestational diabetes mellitus have a higher risk of developing Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.
History of developmental milestones may give a clue to the cause of obesity eg. Delayed motor milestones, feeding difficulty in infancy followed by a voracious appetite may be suggestive of Prader-Willi Syndrome.
Family history of obesity, diabetes mellitus, hypertension and dyslipidemia should be obtained.
History of intake of antipsychotics, anti-depressants or long-term corticosteroids should be obtained as they lead to weight gain.
Polyuria, polydipsia and unexplained weight loss may suggest onset of diabetes mellitus. Scanty and Delayed or missed periods in girls with or without hirsutism may suggest the presence of polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD).
Enquire about excessive daytime sleepiness, snoring and morning headaches for obstructive sleep apnea and knee or hip pain for Slipped capital femoral epiphyses.
History of dietary practices, TV/screen viewing duration and physical activity may give some insight into the cause of weight gain. Majority of parents of obese children feel that their child’s weight gain is due to pathology and are oblivious to their life-style. A detailed dietary history with calculation of caloric intake would help convince them about the need for life style changes.

2) Anthropometry:
Obtain a weight, height, calculate BMI and measure waist circumference (WC) if possible. Plot these measurements on respective charts for age and gender for the Indian population.
BMI chart will classify the child as over-weight/obese and demonstrate the duration and rapidity of weight gain.

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