Reading: Testimony by Rita Atria (Mafia & Outlaw pp. 155-166)
In her testimony, Rita Atria describes her life as a 17-year-old girl fighting the Mafia. Please identify and discuss a passage that you found compelling. You may choose to focus on the connection between blood family and Mafia Family, Rita’s specific actions in fighting the mafia, Rita’s relationship with Judge Borsellino, similarities and differences between Rita’s mother and Felicia Impastato, the mother of Peppino Impastato, the role of women in the Mafia world of “men of honor”, Rita’s death, or another topic of your choice.
gotten a lot of consideration. Notwithstanding, however Greenblatt excuses Elizabeth’s reaction to ‘consoling yet belittling merriments’, he thoroughly misses what precisely she has done. It is likewise key to set here that his would have without a doubt been an extremely open sonnet, and therefore is evidently a piece of monarchic ‘picture making’.
The trading of these sonnets happens around 1587, a point at when Raleigh’s notoriety was rapidly declining. The tide was changing – one of Elizabeth’s high-respected top picks was losing his status. Raleigh claims ‘fortune hath taken’ his sweetheart in the openings of his stanza:
‘Fortune hath taken thee away, my adoration,
My life’s happiness and my spirit’s paradise above;
Fortune hath taken thee away my princess,
My reality’s joy and my actual extravagant’s courtesan’s
This stanza commonly sticks to Petrarchan standards: Raleigh is on an outlandish mission for his affection who rests among the “paradise above”. The work of supernatural lexis which is commonly otherworldly – a discussion of spirits, the sky – demonstrates that Elizabeth is currently out of reach to Raleigh, and ‘fortune’ has had its impact right now. The OED demonstrates how fortune, (characterized as ‘possibility, hap, or karma, viewed as a reason for occasions and changes in men’s undertakings’) can likewise be embodied as the goddess of fortune (Fortuna), an image of good karma; ‘the influence expected to circulate the bunches of life as per her own cleverness’ (OED). The seal of the wheel (rota fortunae) is demonstrative of Raleigh’s fall, after his ascent – this is the fortune of life. It is unavoidable that he will lose his adoration, (and thus, his supported position), however as the predominant Petrarchan male he goes after the ‘object’ of his longing regardless. All things considered, Elizabeth, as depicted by Raleigh – the commonplace male, scholarly figure of the Elizabethan court – is feminized. This conventional methodology is maybe why any semblance of Stephen Greenblatt have kept on sparkling a light on its work. It holds fast conveniently to the abstract (and sex) standards. Elizabeth’s reaction, which strays from these lines isn’t completely ‘Petrarchan’. She excuses the romanticized thought that ‘destiny’ has floated to the two separated, agreeing at the excessively precautious wording. In spite of the fact that I don’t trust Elizabeth’s reaction is completely ‘disparaging’, it unquestionably has the right to be held in a higher respect than Greenblatt esteems suitable for its powerful analysis of her crowd at court, and man centric standards.