The Adequacy of the Criminal Justice System

One of the more interesting aspects of studying political science is examining public policies to learn how and whether they work to achieve the goals that gave rise to them. Public interests are not well-served if public policies fail to respond adequately.

Relevant to the study of Texas government and politics are policies that address crime and punishment given that a sizable chunk of the state’s budget is allocated in this policy area. With an annual budget in excess of $3 billion, the Texas Department of Criminal Justice oversees a vast network of correctional facilities and expenses. Chapter 12 of the textbook describes criminal justice in Texas, and this information will help you understand the importance of this policy area.

Criminal justice reform has been a hot topic nationally and in Texas for several years, as you are learning. Disparities in sentencing, and overcrowded and violent jails and prisons prompted reforms here in Texas in the early 2000s. Recently, however, bail procedures, death penalty laws, and drug policies have placed criminal justice reform back on Texas’s policy agenda. For more information about the backdrop of criminal justice reform generally, please review:

https://www.brennancenter.org/our-work/research-reports/criminal-justice-reform-state-levelLinks to an external site.

 

Among the topics covered in the Brennan Center report, you learn that prosecutors enjoy considerable discretion over criminal cases. What do you know about the role of prosecutors? What assumptions do you have about them?

Watch this TED Talk presented by prosecutor, Adam Foss. Jot down a few notes and consider the importance of the prosecutor in the criminal justice system.

Adam Foss: A prosecutor’s vision for a better justice system

http://www.ted.com/talks/adam_foss_a_prosecutor_s_vision_for_a_better_justice_system Links to an external site.

 

After listening to this TED Talk and considering the Brennan Center and textbook information, you will prepare an essay in which you:

Describe the general theme of criminal justice reform, as explained in your textbook, the Brennan Center, and Adam Foss’s TED Talk. Why do you think criminal justice reform continues to be part of the public policy agenda in Texas?
Identify and describe three distinct significant points about criminal justice reform that resonate with you. Why do you find them important? (Worth up to 25 points)
Discuss how you believe elected officials in Texas can address each point of significance you identified.
What role, if any, can you play in criminal justice reform, say as in the selection of prosecutors in your community?

Sample Solution

Prosecutors have a great deal of discretion in criminal cases. They decide whether to file charges, what charges to file, and how to negotiate plea agreements. This discretion gives prosecutors a lot of power, and it is important that they use it responsibly.

The Brennan Center for Justice report, “Prosecutorial Discretion and the Intersection of Race, Gender, and Class,” found that prosecutors’ discretion can have a significant impact on the lives of people of color, women, and low-income individuals. The report found that prosecutors are more likely to file charges against people of color, even when they are accused of the same crimes as white people. Prosecutors are also more likely to offer plea deals to people of color that are more favorable to the government.

The report also found that prosecutors are more likely to file charges against women for minor offenses, such as prostitution and drug possession. These charges can have a devastating impact on women’s lives, making it difficult for them to find housing, employment, and child care.

The Brennan Center report makes a number of recommendations to reform prosecutorial discretion. These recommendations include:

  • Requiring prosecutors to explain their charging decisions. This would help to ensure that prosecutors are using their discretion fairly and impartially.
  • Providing more training for prosecutors on implicit bias. This would help prosecutors to be aware of their own biases and to make decisions that are not influenced by race, gender, or class.
  • Creating an independent body to review prosecutorial decisions. This body would be able to investigate allegations of prosecutorial misconduct and to make recommendations for reform.

The Brennan Center report is an important reminder that prosecutors have a lot of power, and that this power must be used responsibly. The report’s recommendations provide a roadmap for reforming prosecutorial discretion and ensuring that the criminal justice system is fair for everyone.

Here are some assumptions I have about prosecutors:

  • They are dedicated to seeking justice. Prosecutors are sworn to uphold the law and to seek justice. They are trained to be fair and impartial, and they are committed to ensuring that the guilty are punished and that the innocent are not.
  • They are overworked and underpaid. Prosecutors often have heavy caseloads, and they are often paid less than other lawyers. This can lead to burnout and can make it difficult for prosecutors to do their jobs effectively.
  • They are under a lot of pressure. Prosecutors are often under a lot of pressure to win cases. This pressure can lead to prosecutors making decisions that are not in the best interests of justice.

It is important to remember that prosecutors are human beings, and they are subject to the same biases and prejudices as everyone else. However, prosecutors also have a responsibility to use their power wisely and to ensure that justice is served.

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