The bottom-up and top-down models of literacy development

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Compare and contrast the bottom-up and top-down models of literacy development by
describing the overall theory of each one and their components. What do you think are
the pros and cons of each model? Then choose one model and prepare statements as
if you were to debate them as why you think that model works best or will produce
desired outcomes.

Sample Solution

The bottom-up and top-down models of literacy development

As you plan your curriculum, it will be helpful to think of the way you organize your lessons. Are you starting with the small building blocks and then expanding? Or are you starting with the big picture and filling in the details along the way? These two approaches have names: bottom-up and top-down. Bottom-up teaching starts with the small details, like vocabulary words or the step-by-step process of solving an algorithm. Alternatively, the strategy of top-down teaching involve starting with the big, abstract concept and working down to the specific details. For example, you might demonstrate a chemical reaction to your students, and then have them learn about the different molecules in each substance that resulted in the reaction.

According to a decision of the Landesgericht Hamburg, “the definition of beauty is not only the inner and objective quality of things”(Winifred.cichon.com, 2019).Since every era, different places and social classes have their own ideals of definition and understanding of beauty. The ideal beauty is formed by people’s respect and vision in different periods. This essay will analyze “what is ideal of beauty” and “How normative ideal of beauty have been challenged”.

2.Overview

The female image of today’s mass media can be said to be an unprecedentedly idealized, desire-oriented, commercialized and erotic female image, a woman who is “appreciated”. The mass media constantly produces “beauty” as if it were a piece of products. Regardless of the East and West, or the ancient modern, all the concepts of women reflect the fact that “Women should be beautiful”.But what is beautiful? I discuss that the idea of the perfect human body is a result of culture: religious functions, economy, advertisement and other factors.In today’s economy, good-looking is no longer something we can dismiss.An economics professor Daniel S. Hamermesh pointed out that good-looking people more likely competitive at work.It is alleged that they earn, on average,5 percents more than others.Thus, in order to create a beautiful appearance, people use body modification, make-up, plastic surgery and clothing ,such “crazy” behavior is especially prevalent among women.

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