The character of federal–state relations today

Describe the character of federal–state relations today. How much influence does the federal government wield over the states? What tools can it use to coerce state compliance with federal measures? What means do states have to resist federal initiatives?

 

Sample Solution

In 1965 both countries Pakistan and Turkey started a program for technical education. Under that program 122 fellowships and scholarships were awarded and 11 experts were exchanged others this six seminars were conducted and five publications were published between two countries. In March 1965 a joint airline project was formerly conceived by the Regional Planning Council and it was decided that not long afterwards the RCD committee on air transport began to establish regular air links and the first RCD flight of Pakistan International Airline (PIA) linking Karachi with Tehran and Istanbul started on November 1966 (Ali, 2001).

The RCD shipping services started working on international routes in May 1966 and it directly linked Pakistan and Turkey via sea route and made an everlasting impact on regional trade. On the other side Iran airlines tracked this up by starting a jet service to Europe via Istanbul (Ali, 2001).
On July 1967 an RCD joint venture for printing bank notes which was inaugurated in Karachi (Pakistan). That was the first industrial project in which all three RCD countries obligated collaborated. That new factory was subsidized by the Pakistan Security Printing Corporation. This agreement was based on the RCD union for multilateral payments arrangements which was signed in Ankara in April 1967. It was interesting to note that this was a key step toward the expansion of intra-regional trade .The RCD insurance center was established in Karachi to promote a study of measures which could facilitate cooperation in this field. That center published the RCD Insurance Manual in 1967. The three RCD insurance pools functioned effectively and several national companies joined the pools.

Z.A Bhutto’s vision about RCD

During 1967 at that time Foreign Minister of Pakistan Mr. Z.A Bhutto pursued to strengthen the cooperation between Pakistan, Iran and turkey through RCD. Bhutto wanted at least one trilateral agreement with Turkey and Iran to have a stronger impact on Pakistan’s security needs. He explicitly called for a ‘new dimension’ to be added that the RCD chapter, because ‘economic collaboration without political and

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