Conductive hearing loss occurs when there is a problem with the outer or middle ear that prevents sound waves from reaching the inner ear. This type of hearing loss is often treatable. Common causes include earwax buildup, ear infections, fluid in the middle ear, and perforations of the eardrum.

Sensorineural hearing loss happens when there is damage to the inner ear or the auditory nerve. This type of hearing loss is typically permanent. It can be caused by aging, noise exposure, head trauma, certain medications, and underlying medical conditions.

Key Differences

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2. Questions to Identify Risk Factors for Hearing Loss

To identify potential risk factors for hearing loss, it’s important to ask patients about their medical history, lifestyle, and occupational exposures. Here are some key questions:

Medical History

• Have you ever experienced ear infections or ear pain?
• Do you have a history of allergies or sinus problems?
• Have you had any head injuries or surgeries involving the head or neck?
• Do you have any chronic medical conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, or autoimmune diseases?
• Do you have a family history of hearing loss?

Lifestyle Factors

• Are you exposed to loud noise regularly (e.g., concerts, construction, firearms)?
• Do you use headphones or earbuds frequently?
• What is your typical volume level for listening to music or watching TV?
• Do you smoke or have you smoked in the past?
• Do you consume excessive amounts of alcohol or caffeine?

Occupational Exposures

• Are you exposed to loud noise at work?
• What type of hearing protection do you use?
• Have you experienced any hearing problems related to your job?

By gathering information on these factors, healthcare providers can identify individuals at risk for hearing loss and recommend appropriate preventive measures or early interventions.