The DNP Project: Educating and Engaging Stakeholders

In this program, nurses are expected to care for patients. Nurses should have adequate knowledge regarding any given subject before teaching patients. Therefore, it will not be assumed that nurses understand the DNP program. Instead, nurses will first be educated on the DSMES program before teaching patients. In this project, only two nurses have been selected. Thus, the education process will focus on teaching the two nurses about the project. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention website will be used to guide the educational intervention and will be supported by the evidence-based literature to validate the program. For example, the DMSES program has various topics on physical activity, healthy diet, and medication compliance (Tschida et al., 2021; Powers et al., 2020). The significance of these topics will be outlined for the nurses. Then, various articles, such as the one written by Goff et al. (2021), will be used to support the significance of each intervention in the DSMES program. The educated nurses will then create an educational plan for the patients. The nurses will then teach patients about the DSMES program and evaluate their understanding of it. Overall, nurses will be prepared to provide standardized and relevant information to patients.

This program will be implemented in two phases. The first phase will entail selecting and educating nurses. Nursing education will entail using only PowerPoint presentations. PowerPoint presentations have been selected as they facilitate interactions to help learners understand the content (Mai et al., 2019). Therefore, the sessions will involve presentations and an opportunity for questions and answers to nurses’ concerns. All nurses must have qualified from a nursing training institution. Thus, it will be assumed that nurses have adequate background information about diabetes. The educational intervention will only serve as an update of what they already know using the evidence. The second phase is patient education. The two nurses will first create an educational plan, which will have different DSMES topics. The educational plan should be simplified to help patients with low health literacy and those with less education to understand the program. For example, nurses will not use terms such as glycemic level and glycemic control. Instead, they will use blood sugar level and blood sugar control terms. The simplified language will help patients understand the information well. Considerably, my plan that begins with educating nurses will ensure that appropriate stakeholders, who include nurses and patients, understand the DMSES program and its effect on the blood sugar level.

I will foster and continue enthusiasm for the intervention using formative evaluation. According to Andreassen and Malling (2019), formative evaluation is significant as it provides ongoing feedback regarding any given project. Therefore, it can help in identifying gaps in the training process and determining the areas to be improved.

The project is now at the stage of organizing the intervention, including plans to be made for educating the stakeholders. This week, success in identifying various aspects of the DSMES program using the CDC website was witnessed. The source will be significant in organizing the intervention. The only challenge has been identifying the appropriate nurses to participate in the program. The nurses will teach patients and should be identified early enough to prepare them for the task. I plan to engage the leader of the healthcare setting to help identify nurses who will help implement the project. Overall, no barrier was identified since I received all the feedback I needed regarding the project and made necessary adjustments

 

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syndrome. Which is mostly observed in childrens with hematuria and mild proteinuria41

Lupus Nephritis: It may result from auto-antibodies (lupus erythematous) binding to circulating antigens, forming preformed immune complexes, or autoantibodies binding to antigens deposited from the circulation in the glomerular vessel walls, causing in situ immune complex formation, with initiation of an inflammatory and cytotoxic reaction.40

Goodpasture’s syndrome (GS) is a rare and organ-specific autoimmune disease that is mediated by anti-glomerular basement membrane (anti-GBM) antibodies43 and has pathology characterized by crescentic glomerulonephritis with linear immune fluorescent staining for IgG on the GBM. It typically presents as acute renal failure caused by a rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. It was first described as a distinctive syndrome by Pasture in 1919. The disease is caused by autoantibodies against the NC1 domain of the alpha 3 chain of type IV collagen. It occurs when the immune system attacks the walls of the lungs and the tiny filtering units in the kidneys. Without early diagnosis and treatment, the disease can lead to bleeding in the lungs, kidney failure, and even death.42

DIABETIC NEPHROPATHY: It is progressive kidney disease caused by damage to the capillaries in the kidneys’ glomeruli (changes in the blood flow in the small vessels of the glomerular capsule).44It is characterized by nephrotic syndrome and diffuse scarring of the glomeruli. It is due to longstanding diabetes mellitus, and is a major reason for dialysis in many developed countries. It is classified as a small blood vessel complication of diabetes and further it leads to chronic kidney disease (CKD).45

HYPERTENSIVE KIDNEY DISEASE: It is a medical condition referring to damage to the kidney due to chronic high blood pressure. It is also known as “Hypertensive Nephropathy (HN).” HN can be divided into two types: A) Benign and B) Malignant. Benign nephrosclerosis is common in individuals over the age of 60, Whereas

Malignant nephrosclerosis is uncommon and affects 1-5% of individuals with high blood pressure, that have diastolic blood pressure passing 130 mm Hg.46The relative risk of developing ESRD is increased by up to 20 times in hypertensive patients.47

In addition, the glomerulus has a unique structure, with both an afferent and an efferent arteriole, which permits modulation of glomerular perfusion and pressure without corresponding systemic blood pressure change.48

When the force of blood flow is high, blood vessels stretch so blood flows more easily. Eventually, this stretching scars and weakens blood vessels throughout the body, including those in the kidneys. If the kidneys’ blood vessels are damaged, they may stop removing wastes and extra fluid from the body. Extra fluid in the blood vessels may then raise blood pressure even more, creating a dangerous cycle. And opposite

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