The first step of the evidence-based practice process is to evaluate a nursing practice environment

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The first step of the evidence-based practice process is to evaluate a nursing practice environment to identify a nursing problem in the clinical area. When a nursing problem is discovered, the nurse researcher develops a clinical guiding question to address that nursing practice problem.

Create a clinical guiding question know as a PICOT question. The PICOT question must be relevant to a nursing practice problem.

 

Use the “Literature Evaluation Table” to complete this assignment. Prior to starting the “Literature Evaluation Table,” complete the following:

 

Select a nursing practice problem of interest to use as the focus of your research. Start with the patient population and identify a clinical problem or issue that arises from the patient population.

Following the PICOT format, write a PICOT question in your selected area of interest. The PICOT question should be applicable to your proposed capstone project (the project students must complete during their final course in the RN-BSN program of study).

Conduct a literature search to locate six research articles focused on your selected nursing practice problem of interest. Note: This literature search should include three quantitative and three qualitative peer-reviewed research articles to support your nursing practice problem. A mixed methods article can qualify towards meeting a qualitative or quantitative methodology.

Sample Solution

P: Postpartum women with anxiety I: Guided imagery C: Relaxation therapy O: Anxiety symptoms T: 6 weeks

This question asks about the effect of guided imagery compared to relaxation therapy on anxiety symptoms in postpartum women. The time frame is specified as 6 weeks, which is the typical length of time that postpartum women experience anxiety symptoms.

Here are some other examples of PICOT questions in nursing:

  • In children with asthma, does the use of a spacer device with a metered-dose inhaler (MDI) improve lung function compared to the use of an MDI alone? (P = children with asthma, I = spacer device with MDI, C = MDI alone, O = lung function, T = 6 months)
  • In patients with heart failure, does a nurse-led intervention that includes education and counseling on self-management improve quality of life compared to usual care? (P = patients with heart failure, I = nurse-led intervention, C = usual care, O = quality of life, T = 12 months)
  • In older adults with dementia, does the use of a virtual reality program that provides reminiscence therapy improve mood compared to a control group that does not receive the program? (P = older adults with dementia, I = virtual reality program with reminiscence therapy, C = control group, O = mood, T = 8 weeks)

These are just a few examples, and there are many other possible PICOT questions that could be asked in nursing. The specific question that you choose will depend on your area of interest and the clinical problem that you want to address.

Once you have written your PICOT question, you can start your literature search. When searching for articles, it is important to use keywords that are relevant to your question. You can also use databases such as PubMed or CINAHL to search for peer-reviewed research articles.

When you have found some articles, you will need to evaluate them to see if they are relevant to your question and if they provide high-quality evidence. You can use the following criteria to evaluate articles:

  • Relevance: Does the article address your PICOT question?
  • Quality: Is the study well-designed and conducted?
  • Evidence: Does the study provide strong evidence to support your question?

Once you have evaluated the articles, you can summarize your findings in a literature review. This will help you to synthesize the evidence and to make recommendations for practice.

 

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