The mineral formula and crystal structure of corundum.

 

Describe the mineral formula and crystal structure of corundum.

 

Sample Solution

Corundum is an aluminum oxide mineral of the oxides and hydroxides group, with structural formula AI203. The structure consists essentially of a dense arrangement of oxygen ions in hexagonal closest-packing with AI3+ ions in two-thirds of the available octahedral sites. Crystal of corundum are commonly well informed, often rather large, showing hexagonal and rectangular sections. Crystals are commonly bounded by hexagonal prisms or steep hexagonal di-pyramids resulting in barrel-shaped forms. Tabular and rhombohedral forms are also found, but much less common. Corundum is found in a wide variety of rock types. It is characteristic of A-rich and silica poor environments, and appears in association with other aluminous and/or silica-poor minerals.

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