1) What categories did Sunyer et al. (2013) use to classify “acorn use” and “mice behavior”? Broadly, what were the tools Sunyer et al. used to track these uses and behaviors? (2 pts)
2) What was the role that scent played in influencing mice behavior (i.e. the 4 behavior categories)? How did Sunyer et al. (2013) determine this? (2 pts)
3) How would the role of genets change if live genets were used instead of their scent? What might happen to the population size of mice and their seed predation patterns? (2 pts)
4) In Sunyer et al. (2013), compare and contrast the observed effects of conspecific and predator scents on mice acorn predation and dispersal. (2pts)
5) In the Hughes et al. (2014) paper, what was the observed difference between acoustic and chemical cues? What environmental conditions might affect the chemical cues? (2 pts)
6) In Hughes et al. (2014), what explanation do the authors give for the black drum and catfish acoustic cues having a greater effect on crab foraging behavior than the toadfish or snapping shrimp? (2 pts)
7) What physiological mechanisms within crabs allowed them to detect acoustic cues from marine fish? (1 pt)
8) What are non-consumptive effects? From your reading of Sunyer et al. (2014) and Hughes et al. (2014), what aspects of prey can we measure to understand if non-consumptive effects are influencing prey populations? What would we need to measure to understand consumptive effects? (3 pts)
9) Define “cascading effects” and explain an example of these effects from either Sunyer et al. (2013) or Hughes et al. (2014). (2pts)
10) Write out the citation for both journal articles using Journal of Ecology formatting. (2 pts)
ccording to L. Murphy & P. Pearce (1995), Grand Tours created the Independent traveller during 17th century in Europe. Budget hotels are perfect for independent tourist who are finding lowest or cheapest hotel that they can stay up all night. They can also try the food or learn the culture of the place, because they don’t need to follow some itinerary unlike the tourist who has their tour package. This study explains on how they will handle the emergency if they are on its situation and how they will overcome it. Knowledge and skills are important also for tourist, because they know how to budget their money. The purpose of this study is how to understand the knowledge skills of tourist and how can make their trip safer. Independent travellers are the one who is willing to travel without airfare or no travel bookings. According to A. Morrison, M. S. Hsieh & J. T. O’Leary (1993), there are tourist also who called as Backpackers, these are the tourist who travel with only one bag and has no problem with their accommodation. They can also travel anytime where they want to go and have no problem with the budget. This study also explains how to reach the level satisfaction of every tourist (Tsaur, Yen, & Chen, 2010). In the study Tourist information search and destination choice in digital age contains on how tourist can search information thru the place where they want to be. With the help of Technologies, tourist can easily search a place or destination where they want to visit during holidays. This is perfect for the first time travellers, because they don’t need to go to the place just to have some information or the price rates of the accommodation. They can also easily book a flight to a destination that they want to go and they can search for a guide wherever they are. Internet also helps on how they can promote their places (Jacobsen & Munar, 2012). Resorts and Hotels are in digital age also, because they have also their own website where you can browse their facilities and prices of their rooms if it is affordable for the tourist. In social media, they can create their own account where they can save their pictures to Facebook App. and etc. There is an application where you can find some place or you can visit other places. There is also an applications where they can help you find your destination or can help you directory, even when you’re in other countries, you can ride a cab thru booking on the said application.
According to Nina Kathrinen Prebensen & Lene Foss (2011), being on a vacation