The first humans, known as Homo sapiens, are believed to have appeared in Africa around 300,000 years ago. They were hunter-gatherers, relying on hunting and gathering for their subsistence. Early humans lived in small groups and used simple tools made of stone and bone.

The Neolithic Revolution, which began around 10,000 years ago, marked a significant shift in human history. During this period, humans began to domesticate plants and animals, leading to the development of agriculture and settled societies. This revolution had a profound impact on modern-day society, as it laid the foundation for the development of civilizations, cities, and complex social structures. Agriculture led to increased food production, which enabled population growth and the emergence of specialized labor. Additionally, the development of settled societies led to the creation of permanent structures, the accumulation of wealth, and the development of complex social and political systems.