Therapeutic enzymes and enzyme treatment strategies

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http://www.pharmaceutical-journal.com/news-and-analysis/features/the-rise-and-fall-of-the-clot-buster-areview-on-the-history-of-streptokinase/20065679.article
Streptokinase is used for what medical purpose?
Compare and contrast steptokinase versus TPA (TPA is more commonly used in the US)?
The addition of aspirin to the streptokinase treatment regimen had a striking effect. Please describe. What is
the mode of action of aspirin versus streptokinase? (You may need to read outside this article to answer this
question but we will briefly cover the mechanism of aspirin in the coming lipid lecture).
Despite streptokinase/TPA coverage in your textbook, what modern treatment method has largely replaced
their clinical use in developed countries? Why do less developed countries still rely on streptokinase?
Enzymes can also be targeted to cancer cells for treatment. Performing a search outside this article, describe
the treatment strategy of antibody directed enzyme prodrug therapy (ADEPT).

 

 

Sample Solution

Therapeutic enzymes and enzyme treatment strategies

Streptokinase (SK) is a thrombolytic medication and enzyme. Streptokinase is used to dissolve blood clots that have formed in the blood vessels. It is used immediately after symptoms of a heart attack occur to improve patient survival. This medicine may also be used to treat blood clots in the lungs (pulmonary embolism) and in the legs (deep venous thrombosis). Tissue plasminogen activator (TPA) is a protein involved in the breakdown of blood clots. As an enzyme, it catalyzes the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin, the major enzyme responsible for clot breakdown. Natural streptokinase is isolated and purified from streptococci bacteria. Its lack of fibrin specificity makes it a less desirable thrombolytic drug than TPA compounds because it produces more fibrinogenolysis. However, both TPA and streptokinase with placebo are effective clot-busters and each improves clinical outcomes.

March 2009, the group have 31,834 employee, posted a revenue of SGD 15,996 million. The airlines also operate route on 36 countries with 66 destinations and 726 weekly flights. The performance of Singapore Airlines at the beginning of year 2009 was severely hit by the economic downturn and pre-purchase fuel priced hedge at high level before the financial crisis [SIA annual report 08/09]. Recent health crisis like bird flu, H1N1 had also affected the travel industry which the airline is operating in.

3.0 External Environment Analysis

3.1 Political

Singapore has a stable political environment, with its dominant political party People’s Action Party (PAP) holding the government since independences. Singapore government have allowed freedom in corporate governance and have set little restriction to the industry. The company are able to make over 90% of the decision on its own. The government only influence the company by appointing director over the company [Sikorski, 1995]. The government also allowed SIA to stress on profit when compare to public or social responsibility, the government supported the company for retrenchment practise during economy crisis [Sikorski, 1995].

Singapore foreign policy is maintain good relationship, it have established diplomatic relationship with 175 countries and have particular good relationship with large economy country like France, Germany and United Kingdom in Europe. The country also enters into free trade agreement betwee

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