he interior monologue and for the free indirect discourse because these present the thoughts that cross the mind of the protagonist, and so the tone is more familiar, colloquial. In contrast, I did not use contractions when presenting the voice of the third-person narrator since it provides more formal, poetic descriptions. In ‘El apuntamiento’ and ‘Bzzz’, in contrast, I used contractions throughout the story because of the colloquial style adopted by the first-person narrator in both stories. SL speakers commonly use contractions in everyday speech and so I thought that the narrative would seem stilted without them.

4.2. Impersonal pronoun

Throughout ‘El apuntamiento’, the first-person narrator uses the indefinite personal pronoun uno. While Butt and Benjamin suggest that the impersonal pronoun is used in much the same way in Spanish and English (2013), I decided that translating uno as one would create a stilted TT. This is because of the discrepancy in register that the readers would note from one sentence to the next, or even within the same sentence. For example: ‘es el truquito para que no lo pasen a uno a la “pesca” donde están los tiras’ [151]. In this instance, uno is surrounded by words in the diminutive (truquito) as well as dialect (pesca and tiras) which both indicate a colloquial register. By translating uno as one, I thought that this would change the register of the sentence. Instead, I translated it using the impersonal pronoun you. Steel also highlights that uno may be used to refer to the speaker in popular speech (1985). This renders in my handkerchief the most appropriate translation for el mismo pañuelo de uno [87].

5. Syntax and grammar

5.1. Punctuation

I tried to reflect English-language punctuation norms in my TT unless I believed that the ST punctuation had been used for specific artistic or aesthetic reasons. This is the case with punctuation of dialogue and exclamation marks, for example. However, the use of the comma is one example of where I sometimes followed Target Language (TL) punctuation norms and other times remained faithful to the ST punctuation, dependent upon whether it has been used as part of the text’s aesthetic function. To av